| Inbound Relationships |
Type |
Active |
Source |
Characteristic |
Refinability |
Group |
| Jawad syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by congenital microcephaly with facial dysmorphism (sloping forehead, prominent nose, mild retrognathia), moderate to severe, non-progressive intellectual disability and symmetrical digital malformations of variable degree, including brachydactyly of the fifth fingers with single flexion crease, clinodactyly, syndactyly, polydactyly and hallux valgus. Congenital anonychia and white café au lait-like spots on the skin of hands and feet are also associated. |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, multiple congenital malformations (such as brain malformations including ectopic neuro-pituitary gland, hypoplastic adenopituitary, and hypoplastic cerebellar vermis, cardiac and renal anomalies, and postaxial polydactyly), abnormal hair structure with temporal balding, and dysmorphic facial features with hypoplastic nasal bridge, anteverted nostrils, dysplastic ears, long and smooth philtrum, narrow upper lip, and prominent, asymmetric lower lip. Postnatal growth retardation and severe developmental delay have also been reported. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Hypertrichosis and acromegaloid facial appearance syndrome |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Perlman syndrome is characterized principally by polyhydramnios, neonatal macrosomia, bilateral renal tumors (hamartomas with or without nephroblastomatosis), hypertrophy of the islets of Langerhans and facial dysmorphism. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Chromosome Xq28 trisomy |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by severe intellectual deficit, brachycephaly, plagiocephaly, and prominent forehead in male patients. Females may display moderate intellectual deficit without craniofacial dysmorphism. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare disorder characterized by pterygium colli, digital anomalies (abnormal small thumbs, widened interphalangeal joints, and broad terminal phalanges), and craniofacial abnormalities (brachycephaly, epicanthic folds, angulated eyebrows, upward slanting of the palpebral fissures, ptosis, hypertelorism, and prominent low-set, posteriorly rotated ears). It has been described in a woman and her son, but the manifestations were much less severe in the mother. The son also had intellectual deficit. The inheritance is either X-linked dominant or autosomal dominant. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, seizures, microcephaly, delayed bone maturation, and skeletal abnormalities (such as scoliosis or pectus excavatum, among others). Dysmorphic features include coarse face, hirsutism, thick eyebrows, broad nasal septum, short philtrum, large mouth, and prominent ears. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1996. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A lethal skeletal osteochondrodysplasia characterized by severe generalized osteosclerosis. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| An extremely rare chondrodysplastic malformation syndrome characterised by the combination of arachnodactyly, becoming evident at around the age of 10, camptodactyly, and scoliosis. Additional reported manifestations include a mild intellectual disability and a mild facial dysmorphism including a broad nose and flaring nostrils. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1972. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| This newly described syndrome is characterized by cloverleaf skull, limb anomalies, facial dysmorphism and multiple congenital anomalies. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Microcephaly-facio-cardio-skeletal syndrome, Hadziselimovic type is a rare syndrome with cardiac malformations, characterized by prenatal-onset growth retardation (low birth weight and short stature), hypotonia, developmental delay and intellectual disability associated with microcephaly and craniofacial (low anterior hairline, hypotelorism, thick lips with carp-shaped mouth, high-arched palate, low-set ears), cardiac and skeletal (hypoplastic thumbs and first metacarpals) abnormalities. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare malformation syndrome that is characterized by short stature, hypoplastic fifth digits with tiny dysplastic nails, facial dysmorphism with coarse features including a wide mouth and broad nose, and mild intellectual disability. It has been suggested that Coffin-Siris syndrome and BOD syndrome are perhaps allelic variants. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Osteopenia, myopia, hearing loss, intellectual disability, facial dysmorphism syndrome |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| This syndrome is characterized by cardiac arrhythmias (ventricular extrasystoles manifesting as bigeminy or multifocal tachycardia with syncopal episodes), perodactyly (hypoplasia and/or agenesis of the distal phalanges of the toes) and Pierre-Robin sequence. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by non-progressive, congenital, marked, central hypotonia, severe psychomotor delay and intellectual disability, chronic constipation, distended abdomen, abnormal dermatoglyphics, delayed and dysharmonic skeletal maturation, and preponderance of type 2 larger-sized muscle fibers. Additional features include narrow and high-arched palate, prominent nasal root, long philtrum, and open mouth with drooling, as well as variably present cryptorchidism, hypertelorism, and tapered fingers. Seizures and/or an abnormal electroencephalograph may also be associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, severe visual impairment due to ocular malformations (microphthalmos and microcornea with sclerocornea), short stature, hypotrichosis, dental anomalies, and dysmorphic facial features (such as a narrow nasal bridge with marked distal flaring and low-set, protruding ears). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Microcephaly-brachydactyly-kyphoscoliosis syndrome is characterized by profound intellectual deficit in association with microcephaly, short stature, brachydactyly type D, a flattened occiput, downslanting palpebral fissures, low-set large ears, a broad prominent nose and kyphoscoliosis. It has been described in three sisters. The disorder is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by severe intellectual disability, distinctive craniofacial features and variable multiple congenital anomalies including ocular, brain, urogenital and skeletal abnormalities. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Renier Gabreels Jasper syndrome |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare constitutional hemolytic anemia that is characterized by the association of Alport syndrome, midface hypoplasia, intellectual deficit and elliptocytosis. It has been described in two families. The syndrome is transmitted as an X-linked trait is caused by a contiguous gene deletion in Xq22.3 involving several genes including COL4A5, FACL4 and AMMECR1. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A very rare syndrome including short stature, facial dysmorphism, hand abnormalities and shawl scrotum. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Hypertelorism-hypospadias-polysyndactyly syndrome is a very rare syndrome associating an acro-fronto-facio-nasal dysostosis with genitourinary anomalies. |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| FG syndrome |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Ulbright-Hodes syndrome is characterized by renal dysplasia, growth retardation, phocomelia or mesomelia, radiohumeral fusion, rib abnormalities, anomalies of the external genitalia and a Potter-like facies. The syndrome has been described in three infants (one pair of siblings and an unrelated case), all of whom died shortly after birth from respiratory distress resulting from pulmonary hypoplasia and oligohydramnios caused by renal dysplasia. The mode of transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), postnatal failure to thrive, severe feeding difficulties, microcephaly/trigonocephaly, facial dysmorphism, a recognizable upper limb posture and severe developmental delay. The upper limb posture consists of internal rotation of the shoulders, flexion of the elbows, ulnar deviation of wrists and/or metacarpophalangeal joints. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic, epilepsy syndrome characterized by epilepsy, palpebral conjunctival telangiectasias, borderline to moderate intellectual disability, diminished serum IgA levels, shortened fifth fingers and dysmorphic facial features (including frontal hirsutism, synophrys, anteverted nostrils, prominent ears, long philtrum, irregular teeth implantation, micrognathia). No new cases have been described in the literature since 1978. |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare partial autosomal trisomy/tetrasomy characterized by facial dysmorphism (long thin face, prominent forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose with broad nasal bridge, prominent chin), pre- and postnatal overgrowth, renal anomalies (e.g. horseshoe kidney, renal agenesis, hydronephrosis), mild to severe learning difficulties and behavioral abnormalities. Additional features may include craniosynostosis and macrocephaly. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Isotretinoin-like syndrome is a phenocopy of the isotretinoin embryopathy. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia and ocular manifestations. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Van den Ende-Gupta syndrome is a very rare syndrome characterized by blepharophimosis, arachnodactyly, joint contractures, and characteristic dysmorphic features. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A very rare syndrome characterized by the association of gingival fibromatosis and craniofacial dysmorphism. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare syndromic craniosynostosis malformation syndrome characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, under ossification of the skull with large fontanels, short limbs with absent phalanges, and finger and toe syndactyly. Reported dysmorphic features include a narrow face with small palpebral fissures, small, pointed nose, microstomia, micrognathia, and low-set and posteriorly rotated ears. A posterior encephalocele and other congenital malformations can also be observed. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Fountain syndrome is an extremely rare multi-systemic genetic disorder characterized by intellectual disability, deafness, skeletal abnormalities and coarse facial features. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Neurofaciodigitorenal syndrome is a rare multiple developmental anomalies syndrome characterized by neurological abnormalities (including megalencephaly, hypotonia, intellectual disability, abnormal EEG), dysmorphic facial features (high prominent forehead, grooved nasal tip, ptosis, ear anomalies) and acrorenal defects (such as triphalangism, broad halluces, unilateral renal agenesis). Additionally, intrauterine growth restriction, short stature and congenital heart defects may be associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1997. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Robinow-like syndrome |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare, genetic, X-linked syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, post-natal growth retardation, severe visual impairment or blindness (due to optic atrophy), severe hearing defect, spasticity, epileptic seizures, restricted large-joint movements and early death (in infancy or early childhood). Facial dysmorphic features (large dysplastic ears and short broad nose) are additionally observed. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| An extremely rare polymalformative syndrome. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by a specific facial appearance (consisting of a thickened, ridged, triangular skin fold extending from the glabella to the anterior fontanel, bilateral elevation of the medial portion of the eyebrows, hypertelorism, low-set ears, posteriorly rotated ears, and widow's peak), variable skeletal deformities, and neuromuscular and sensory defects, which can be incapacitating in some individuals. Reported features include limb muscle wasting, congenital kyphoscoliosis, hip dislocation, congenital talipes equinovarus, arthrogryposis, joint stiffness/ankyloses, ptosis, and cataracts. Intelligence is normal. There have been no further reports since 1992. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by Hirschsprung disease, facial dysmorphism (sloping forehead, high arched eyebrows, long eyelashes, telecanthus/hypertelorism, ptosis, prominent ears, thick earlobes, prominent nasal bridge, thick philtrum, everted lower lip vermillion and pointed chin), global developmental delay, intellectual disability and variable cerebral abnormalities (focal or generalized polymicrogyria, or hypoplastic corpus callosum). |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Short stature-webbed neck-heart disease syndrome is characterized by short stature, intellectual deficit, facial dysmorphism, short, webbed neck, skin changes and congenital heart defects. It has been reported in four Arab Bedouin siblings born to consanguineous parents. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare malformation disorder characterized by sagittal craniosynostosis, Dandy-Walker malformation, hydrocephalus, craniofacial dysmorphism (including dolichocephaly, hypertelorism, micrognathia, positional ear deformity) and variable developmental delay. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Craniosynostosis with facial dysmorphism and brachydactyly syndrome |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Cataract-congenital heart disease-neural tube defect syndrome is a multiple congenital anomaly syndrome characterized by sacral neural tube defects resulting in tethered cord, atrial and/or ventricular septal heart defects (that are detected in infancy), bilateral, symmetrical hyperopia, rapidly progressive early childhood cataracts, bilateral aphakic glaucoma, and abnormal facial features (low frontal hairline, small ears, short philtrum, prominent, widely spaced central incisors, and micrognathia). Hypotonia, growth and developmental delay, seizures, and joint limitation are also reported. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare autosomal dominant malformation syndrome characterized by hypertelorism, omphalocoele, cleft lip, ear pits, uterine malformation (bicornuate uterus), and more variably by diaphragmatic hernia and congenital heart defects. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A type of arthrogryposis characterized by congenital cleft palate, microcephaly, craniostenosis and arthrogryposis (limitation of extension of elbows, flexed adducted thumbs, camptodactyly and clubfeet). Additional features include facial dysmorphism (myopathic stiff face, antimongoloid slanting, external ophthalmoplegia, telecanthus, low-set large malrotated ears, open mouth, microgenia and high arched palate). Velopharyngeal insufficiency with difficulties in swallowing, increased secretion of the nose and throat, prominent occiput, generalized muscular hypotonia with mild cyanosis and no spontaneous movements, seizures, torticollis, areflexia, intellectual disability, hypertrichosis of the lower extremities, and scleredema are also observed. The disease often leads to early death. Transmission is autosomal recessive. No new cases have been described since 1983. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Filippi syndrome is characterized by microcephaly, cutaneous syndactyly of the fingers and toes, intellectual deficit, growth retardation and a characteristic facies (high and broad nasal bridge, thin alae nasi, micrognathia and a high frontal hairline). So far, less than 25 cases have been reported. Cryptorchidism, polydactyly, and teeth and hair anomalies may also be present. Transmission is autosomal recessive. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Cerebro-oculo-nasal syndrome is a multisystem malformation syndrome that has been reported in about 10 patients. The clinical features include bilateral anophthalmia, abnormal nares, central nervous system anomalies, and neurodevelopmental delay. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterised by variable skeletal abnormalities (including craniostenosis, pectus carinatum, short sternum, joint hyperextensibility, and abnormal vertebrae), cutis laxa with excessive skin folds around the cheek, chin and neck, ambiguous genitalia with a micropenis and perineal hypospadia, an umbilical hernia, intellectual disability, premature aged appearance, and cardiac enlargement involving either the ventricles or atria. Facial dysmorphism is variable and can include multiple hair whorls, ptosis, high and broad nasal root, low set ears and small chin. Enamel hypocalcification, abnormal modelling of tubular bones, and reduced cutis laxa may become apparent later on. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Deafness-genital anomalies-metacarpal and metatarsal synostosis syndrome is characterized by sensorineural deafness, bilateral synostosis of the 4th and 5th metacarpals and metatarsals, genital anomalies (hypospadias in males), psychomotor delay and abnormal dermatoglyphics. So far, it has been described in two unrelated patients. Facial dysmorphism was noted in both patients (prominent forehead, ear anomalies, facial asymmetry and an open mouth appearance). |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Oral-facial-digital syndrome |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare systemic disease characterized by congenital multiple contractures, characteristic craniofacial features (like large fontanel, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, blue sclerae, ear deformities, high palate) evident at birth or in early infancy, and characteristic cutaneous features like skin hyperextensibility, skin fragility with atrophic scars, easy bruising, and increased palmar wrinkling. Additional features include recurrent/chronic dislocations, chest and spinal deformities, peculiarly shaped fingers, colonic diverticula, pneumothorax, and urogenital and ophthalmological abnormalities, among others. Molecular testing is obligatory to confirm the diagnosis. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare neurologic disease characterised by neonatal diabetes mellitus associated with cerebellar and/or pancreatic agenesis. Absence or hypoplasia of the cerebellum and severe intra-uterine growth retardation can be detected prenatally. Patients also present with facial dysmorphism (a triangular face, small chin, low set ears), flexion contractures of the arms and legs, very little subcutaneous fat, and optic nerve hypoplasia. The disease is lethal in the neonatal period. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Tel Hashomer camptodactyly syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by camptodactyly, muscle hypoplasia and weakness, skeletal anomalies, facial dysmorphism and abnormal dermatoglyphics. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare neurologic disease characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, multiple ischemic lesions in brain MRI, behavioral abnormalities, dystonia, choreic movements and pyramidal syndrome, facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, arched palate, macroglossia), retinitis pigmentosa, scoliosis, seizures. |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare overgrowth syndrome characterized by tall stature, learning difficulties and facial dysmorphism. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Camptodactyly syndrome, Guadalajara type 1 is a rare syndrome consisting of growth retardation, facial dysmorphism, camptodactyly and skeletal anomalies. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Branchioskeletogenital syndrome is a rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate intellectual disability, distinctive craniofacial features (including brachycephaly, facial asymmetry, marked hypertelorism, blepharochalasis, proptosis, a broad nose with concave nasal ridge and bulbous nasal tip, midface hypoplasia, bifid uvula or partial cleft palate, and prognathism), progressive dental anomalies (dentigerous cysts, radicular dentin dysplasia and early tooth loss), vertebral fusions (particularly of C2-C3), and hypospadias. Hearing loss is an additional observed feature. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by nasopalpebral lipomas, bilateral lid coloboma, and telecanthus. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Biopsy of face and neck using ultrasonographic guidance (procedure) |
Procedure site - Direct (attribute) |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Biopsy of face and neck using ultrasonographic guidance (procedure) |
Procedure site - Direct (attribute) |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Ultrasonography of face and neck |
Procedure site - Direct (attribute) |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic, lethal, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism (including long, downward slanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, posteriorly rotated ears, broad nasal bridge, short nose with a bulbous tip and anteverted nares, downturned corners of the mouth) as well as vertebral (occult spina bifida, hemivertebrae), brain (ventricular dilatation, agenesis of corpus callosum), cardiac (tetralogy of Fallot, ventricular septal defect) and gastrointestinal (short esophagus with intrathoracic stomach, small intestine, spleen and pancreas, anal atresia) malformations. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Geneviève type is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by severe developmental delay and skeletal dysplasia (including short stature, premature carpal ossification, platyspondyly, longitudinal metaphyseal striations, and small epiphyses), as well as moderate to severe intellectual disability and facial dysmorphism, including prominent forehead, mild synophrys, depressed nasal bridge, prominent bulbous nasal tip and full lips. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by occipital atretic cephalocele associated with a specific facial dysmorphism (consisting of prominent forehead, narrow palpebral fissures, midface deficiency, narrow, malformed ears, broad nose and nasal root, grooved nasal tip and columella, laterally angulated, hypoplastic nares, short philtrum, thin upper lip, clift lip/palate, severe oligodontia, prominent chin) and large feet with sandal gap. Intellectual disability, developmental delay and hypoplastic finger and toenails have also been reported. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| An extremely rare arthrogryposis syndrome, described in only two pairs of siblings from two unrelated families to date, and characterized by the association of arthrogryposis, congenital torticollis, dysmorphic facial features (i.e. asymmetry of the face, myopathic facial movements, ptosis, posteriorly rotated ears, cleft palate), progressive scoliosis and episodes of malignant hyperthermia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare congenital disorder of glycosylation characterized by moderate intellectual disability, short stature, mild skeletal changes and distinctive facial features with coarse face, synophrys and deep nasolabial ridges. Skeletal features include broad ribs, stocky long bones, short femoral necks with coxa valga, clinodactyly and broad thumbs. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism-hand anomalies syndrome is a rare syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by moderate intellectual disability, variable hand abnormalities (including brachydactyly, cutaneous and osseous syndactyly), and facial dysmorphism that includes short palpebral fissures, bulbous nasal tip, thin upper and lower vermilion and broad, pointed chin. Other features, including obesity, microcephaly, short stature and a grimacing smile may be observed. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic immuno-osseous dysplasia associated with pre- and post-natal growth retardation, retinopathy, microcephaly, intellectual disability and dysmorphic features. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability syndrome characterized by severe intellectual disability with limited or absent speech and language, short stature, acquired microcephaly, kyphoscoliosis or scoliosis, and behavioral disturbances that include hyperactivity, stereotypy and aggressiveness. Facial dysmorphism, that typically includes sloping forehead, mild synophrys, deep-set eyes, strabismus, anteverted large ears, prominent nose and dental malposition, is also characteristic. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| 9q31.1q31.3 microdeletion syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by mild intellectual disability, short stature with high body mass index, short neck with cervical gibbus and dysmorphic facial features. A metabolic syndrome, including type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia and hypertension has also been reported. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Short ulna-dysmorphism-hypotonia-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by mild to severe global development delay, severe intellectual disability, mild hypotonia, a short ulna, hirsutism of the face and extremities, minimal scoliosis, and facial dysmorphism, notably a tall broad forehead, synophrys, hypertelorism, malar hypoplasia, broad nose with thick alae nasi, low-set, small ears, long philtrum, thin upper lip and everted lower lip vermilion. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| 13q12.3 microdeletion syndrome is a rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by moderate intellectual disability, speech delay, postnatal microcephaly, eczema or atopic dermatitis, characteristic facial features (malar flattening, prominent nose, underdeveloped alae nasi, smooth philtrum, and thin vermillion of the upper lip), and reduced sensitivity to pain. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Early-onset epileptic encephalopathy-cortical blindness-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome is a rare, syndromic intellectual disability syndrome characterized by cortical blindness, different types of seizures, intellectual disability with limited or absent speech, and dysmorphic facial features. Brain imaging typically shows mild pontine hypoplasia, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and atrophy in the occipital region. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| 14q24.1q24.3 microdeletion syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by mild intellectual disability, delayed speech development, congenital heart defects, brachydactyly and dysmorphic facial features. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, autosomal recessive, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by global development delay, mild microcephaly, mild to severe intellectual disability and non-specific facial dysmorphism in association with variable multiple congenital anomalies including congenital heart defects, dental anomalies, cryptorchidism, renal and cerebral malformations. Short stature is frequent. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by global developmental delay, borderline to severe intellectual disability, feeding difficulties, behavioral anomalies, vision anomalies and mild facial dysmorphism. Other associated features may include microcephaly, short stature, urogenital or palatal anomalies (e.g. cleft palate), minor cardiac defects, recurrent infections or hearing loss. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by global development delay with very limited or absent speech and language, severe intellectual disability, long slender fingers, ocular abnormalities (typically strabismus or hypermetropia), and facial dysmorphism that includes a grimacing facial expression, a tubular-shaped nose with a prominent, broad base and tip, and other variable features, such as broad forehead, hypertelorism, deep-set eyes, narrow palpebral fissures, short philtrum and/or broad mouth. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by mild to moderate intellectual disability, developmental delay (with speech and language development more severely affected). Association with infantile hypotonia, seizures, cryptorchidism in males and congenital abnormalities, including cardiac, cerebral or ocular defects, may be observed. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism-severe microcephaly-sensorineural hearing loss-dysmorphism syndrome is a rare, non-acquired pituitary hormone deficiency syndrome characterized by severe, congenital microcephaly, facial dysmorphism (highly arched eyebrows, hypertelorism, convex nasal ridge, protruding ears with underdeveloped superior antihelix crus, micrognathia), bilateral sensorineural deafness and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, in association with early feeding problems, myopia, moderate intellectual disability and moderate short stature. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Robinow syndrome (RS) is a rare genetic syndrome characterized by limb shortening and abnormalities of the head, face and external genitalia. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism (brachycephaly resulting from craniosynostosis, frontal bossing, downslanting palpebral fissures, large and low-set ears, depressed nasal bridge, high-arched, wide palate, thin upper lip), impaired neurological development with intellectual disability, hypotonia, pyloric stenosis, pectus excavatum, bilateral cryptorchidism and short stature. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism (including brachycephaly, prominent forehead, sparse lateral eyebrows, severe hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, protruding ears, broad nasal bridge, pointed nasal tip, flat philtrum, anteverted nostrils, large mouth, thin upper vermilion border, highly arched palate and mild micrognathia) associated with osteopenia leading to repeated long bone fractures, severe myopia, mild to moderate sensorineural or mixed hearing loss, enamel hypoplasia, sloping shoulders and mild intellectual disability. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Flat face-microstomia-ear anomaly syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by dysmorphic facial features, including high forehead, elongated and flattened midface, arched and sparse eyebrows, short palpebral fissures, telecanthus, long nose with hypoplastic nostrils, long philtrum, high and narrow palate and microstomia with downturned corners. Ears are characteristically malformed, large, low-set and posteriorly rotated and nasal speech is associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic, primary bone dysplasia disorder characterized by severe pre- and post-natal short stature, facial dysmorphism (including dolicocephaly, long triangular face, tall forehead, down-slanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose, long philtrum, small ears), early-onset or postpubertal sparse, short hair and hypoplastic fingernails. Small hands with tapering fingers, brachydactyly and fifth-finger clinodactyly, as well as a high-pitched voice are also associated. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Pitt Hopkins-like syndrome |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism (high forehead, depressed nasal bridge, long philtrum, flat malar region, high arched palate), short stature and deformities of the hands and feet (small hands/feet, flexion contractures of the first three metacarpophalangeal joints, extension contractures of the thumbs at the interphalangeal joints, clawed toes, mild pes cavus). Additional features include neonatal hypotonia, thin and shiny skin of the hands/feet, ridged nails, dry and coarse hair, mild weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscles and occasional ventricular extrasystoles. Intellectual disability may be present. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1970. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Frontonasal dysplasia-severe microphthalmia-severe facial clefting syndrome is a rare, genetic, orofacial clefting malformation syndrome characterized by severe frontonasal dysplasia with complete cleft palate, facial cleft, extreme microphthalmia and hypertelorism, frequently associated with eyelid colobomata, sparse or absent eyelashes/eyebrows, wide nasal bridge with hypoplastic alae nasi, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears and caudal appendage in the sacral region. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by hypotonia, developmental delay, absent or severly delayed speech development, intellectual disability, obstructive sleep apnea, mild dysmorphic facial features and behavioral abnormalities. Epilepsy, ataxia and nystagmus have also been reported. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, genetic, lethal, neurometabolic malformation syndrome characterized by multiple, variable, congenital cardiac (systolic murmur, atrial septal defect), urinary (duplicated collecting system, vesicoureteral reflux) and central nervous system (thin corpus callosum, cerebellar hypoplasia) malformations associated with neonatal hypotonia, early-onset epileptic encephalopathy, and myoclonic seizures. Craniofacial dysmorphism (prominent occiput, enlarged fontanel, fused metopic suture, upslanted palpebral fissures, overfolded helix, depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nose, malar flattening, microstomia with downturned corners, Pierre-Robin sequence, high arched palate, short neck) and other manifestations (joint contractures, hyperreflexia, dysplastic nails, developmental delay) are also observed. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Intellectual disability-obesity-prognathism-eye and skin anomalies syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by mild to profound intellectual disability, delayed speech, obesity, ocular anomalies (blepharophimosis, blepharoptosis, hyperopic astigmatism, decreased visual acuity, strabismus, abducens nerve palsy, and/or accommodative esotropia), and dermal manifestations, such as chronic atopic dermatitis. Associated craniofacial dysmorphism includes macrocephaly, maxillary hypoplasia, mandibular prognathism, and crowding of teeth. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare systemic disease characterized by a neonatal progeroid appearance (not associated with other manifestations of premature aging) associated with facial dysmorphism (e.g. macrocephaly or arrested hydrocephaly, proptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, retrognathia), generalized, extreme, congenital lack of subcutaneous fat tissue (except in the breast and iliac region) and incomplete signs of Marfan syndrome (mainly severe myopia, joint hyperextensibility and arachnodactyly). Metabolic disturbances are not associated. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder, with highly variable phenotype, typically characterized by mild to severe global development delay, severe speech and language impairment, mild to severe intellectual disability, dysphagia, hypotonia, relative to true macrocephaly, and behavioral problems that may include autistic features, hyperactivity, and mood lability. Facial gestalt typically features a broad, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, ptosis, a short bulbous nose with broad tip, thick vermilion border, wide, and open mouth with downturned corners. Brain, cardiac, urogenital and ocular malformations may be associated. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Needle stick injury of cheek |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Needle stick injury of nose |
Finding site |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, genetic disease characterized by pre-and postnatal growth delay, feeding difficulties, muscular hypotonia, motor developmental delay (with or without mild intellectual disability) and mild facial dysmorphism, such as broad, prominent forehead, short nose with flat nasal root and wide tip, downturned corners of mouth, high-arched palate and micrognathia. Additional features include childhood-onset central obesity, premature puberty and variable bone abnormalities (e.g. small hands and feet, dolichospondyly, slender long bones and craniofacial disproportion). |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic, systemic autoimmune disease characterized by failure to thrive, global developmental delay, distinctive craniofacial dysmorphism (relative macrocephaly, dolichocephaly, frontal bossing, orbital proptosis, flattened midface with a prominent occiput, low, posteriorly rotated ears, micrognathia), hepato- and/or splenomegaly, and multisystemic autoimmune disease involving the lungs, liver, gut and/or thyroid gland. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic, lethal, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by failure to thrive, severe developmental delay, severe postnatal microcephaly, frequent congenital cardiac defects and characteristic facial dysmorphism (including coarse face with anteverted nostrils, thin vermillion, prominent alveolar ridge and retro- or micrognathia). Additional common features include neurologic abnormalities (hyper-/hypotonia, sensorineural deafness, hydrocephalus, cerebral atrophy, seizures), as well as brachydactyly, cutis marmorata and genital anomalies. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Maxillofacial bone structure |
Is a |
False |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare developmental defect with connective tissue involvement disorder characterized by tall stature, inguinal hernia, facial dysmorphism (including a long, triangular face, prominent forehead, telecanthus, downslanting palpebral fissures, bilateral ptosis, everted lower eyelids, large ears, long nose, full, everted vermilions, narrow and high arched palate, dental crowding), and radiologic evidence of advanced bone age. Additional manifestations include hyperextensible joints, long digits, mild muscle weakness, myopia, and foot deformities (i.e. hallux valgus, talipes equinovarus). |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by intellectual disability, significant motor delay, severe speech impairment, early-onset truncal hypotonia with progressive distal hypertonia/spasticity, microcephaly, and behavioral anomalies (autistic features, aggression or auto-aggressive behavior, sleep disturbances). Variable facial dysmorphism includes broad nasal tip with small alae nasi, long and/or flat philtrum, thin upper lip vermillion. Visual impairment (strabismus, hyperopia, myopia) is commonly associated. |
Finding site |
True |
Face structure |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
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