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900000000000490003: Description inactivation indicator attribute value reference set (foundation metadata concept)


Status: current, Not sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 31-Jan 2002. Module: SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)

Descriptions:

Id Description Lang Type Status Case? Module
900000000001069012 Description inactivation indicator attribute value reference set en Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001070013 Description inactivation indicator reference set en Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)
900000000001071012 Description inactivation indicator attribute value reference set (foundation metadata concept) en Fully specified name Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT model component module (core metadata concept)


489515 members. Search Members:

Expanded Value Set


Outbound Relationships Type Target Active Characteristic Refinability Group Values
Description inactivation indicator reference set Is a Attribute value type true Inferred relationship Some

Members valueId
A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome with characteristics of relative macrocephaly, pectus excavatum, short stature, nail dysplasia, and motor developmental delay (that resolves during childhood). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome with manifestations of bilateral congenital dislocation of the hip, characteristic facial features (flat mid-face, hypertelorism, epicanthus, puffiness around the eyes, broad nasal bridge, carp-shaped mouth), and joint hyperextensibility. Congenital heart defects, congenital dislocation of the knee, congenital inguinal hernia, and vesicoureteric reflux have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1995. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome with mild to severe intellectual disability, a distinctive facial gestalt (blepharophimosis, maxillary hypoplasia, telecanthus, microtia and atresia of the external auditory meatus) as well as skeletal and articular abnormalities (e.g. camptodactyly of the fingers, cutaneous syndactyly, talipes equinovarus, flexion contractures of the proximal interphalangeal joints, hip or elbow subluxation, joint laxity). May also present with neonatal hypotonia, variable respiratory manifestations, chronic feeding difficulties and gray matter heterotopia. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome with mild to severe intellectual disability, a distinctive facial gestalt (blepharophimosis, maxillary hypoplasia, telecanthus, microtia and atresia of the external auditory meatus) as well as skeletal and articular abnormalities (e.g. camptodactyly of the fingers, cutaneous syndactyly, talipes equinovarus, flexion contractures of the proximal interphalangeal joints, hip or elbow subluxation, joint laxity). May also present with neonatal hypotonia, variable respiratory manifestations, chronic feeding difficulties and grey matter heterotopia. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies with intellectual disability syndrome with characteristics of infantile onset of global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, growth deficiency, microcephaly, strabismus, blue-gray sclerae and extensive Mongolian spots. Some patients also present with epilepsy. Brain imaging may demonstrate variable abnormalities including cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly or arachnoid cysts. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies with intellectual disability syndrome with characteristics of infantile onset of global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, growth deficiency, microcephaly, strabismus, blue-grey sclerae and extensive Mongolian spots. Some patients also present with epilepsy. Brain imaging may demonstrate variable abnormalities including cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly or arachnoid cysts. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of axial hypotonia after birth, prolonged feeding difficulties, moderate to severe global developmental delay, seizures (in particular absence seizures), fetal digital pads, distinctive plantar fat pads anteromedial to the heels, and deep palmar and plantar grooves. Over time, fat pads may become less prominent and disappear. Distinct craniofacial dysmorphic features include a broad face with high forehead, high anterior hairline, narrow palpebral fissures that take on a crescent moon shape when smiling, broad nasal bridge and tip with anteverted nostrils, mild midfacial hypoplasia, long smooth philtrum, thin upper lip vermillion, small, widely spaced teeth, and flat occiput/microcephaly/brachycephaly. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of congenital hydrocephalus involving the lateral ventricles, low-set umbilicus, bilateral inguinal hernia, and mild facial dysmorphism (such as epicanthal folds, broad flat nasal bridge and small bulbous nose). Additional reported manifestations include unilateral cryptorchidism, vesicoureteral reflux, and tetralogy of Fallot. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of craniofacial dysmorphism (brachycephaly resulting from craniosynostosis, frontal bossing, downslanting palpebral fissures, large and low-set ears, depressed nasal bridge, high-arched, wide palate, thin upper lip), impaired neurological development with intellectual disability, hypotonia, pyloric stenosis, pectus excavatum, bilateral cryptorchidism and short stature. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of developmental delay, intellectual disability, short stature, sensorineural hearing impairment, facial dysmorphism (including epicanthus, broad, depressed nasal bridge, broad, fleshy nasal tip, mildly anteverted nares, deep nasolabial folds, broad mouth with thin upper lip) and skeletal anomalies (including abnormally placed thumbs, brachydactyly, scoliosis, dysplastic carpal bones). Severe behavior disturbances (aggression, hyperactivity), as well as hypopigmented skin lesions and hypoplastic digital patterns are also associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of developmental delay, intellectual disability, short stature, sensorineural hearing impairment, facial dysmorphism (including epicanthus, broad, depressed nasal bridge, broad, fleshy nasal tip, mildly anteverted nares, deep nasolabial folds, broad mouth with thin upper lip) and skeletal anomalies (including abnormally placed thumbs, brachydactyly, scoliosis, dysplastic carpal bones). Severe behaviour disturbances (aggression, hyperactivity), as well as hypopigmented skin lesions and hypoplastic digital patterns are also associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of early-onset progressive bone marrow failure with anaemia, leucopenia, mild thrombocytopenia and myelodysplastic features. There are also non-haematologic manifestations such as developmental delay, cataracts, facial dysmorphism, short stature and skeletal anomalies. Immunodeficiency primarily affects B-cells and may lead to increased susceptibility to infections. Additional reported features include dry skin and eczema, cardiac anomalies, hearing loss and reduction of cerebral volume on brain imaging. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of early-onset progressive bone marrow failure with anemia, leukopenia, mild thrombocytopenia and myelodysplastic features. There are also non-hematologic manifestations such as developmental delay, cataracts, facial dysmorphism, short stature and skeletal anomalies. Immunodeficiency primarily affects B-cells and may lead to increased susceptibility to infections. Additional reported features include dry skin and eczema, cardiac anomalies, hearing loss and reduction of cerebral volume on brain imaging. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of global developmental delay or regression, variable congenital heart defects (such as patent ductus arteriosus, atrial or ventricular septal defects, and double outlet right ventricle, among others), dysmorphic features (including ptosis, epicanthal folds, abnormally set/dysplastic ears, low hairline or excess nuchal skin, wide-spaced/inverted nipples, umbilical hernia or diastasis recti, and digital anomalies). Additional variable manifestations are hyper or hypotonia, seizures, hearing loss, cortical blindness and optic atrophy. Brain imaging may show cerebral and cerebellar atrophy and hydrocephalus. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of global developmental delay, intellectual disability, growth retardation, hearing impairment, characteristic facial dysmorphology (including prominent supraorbital ridges, downslanting palpebral fissures, deep-set eyes, long face, sagging cheeks, anteverted nares, and pointed chin), generalised hypotonia, joint hypermobility, gluteal crease with sacral caudal remnant and sacral dimple, and variable neurological features. Various ophthalmic, cutaneous, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular anomalies have also been described. The disorder is caused by pathogenic mutations in the TAF1 gene (Xq13.1). The pattern of inheritance is X-linked. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of global developmental delay, intellectual disability, growth retardation, hearing impairment, characteristic facial dysmorphology (including prominent supraorbital ridges, downslanting palpebral fissures, deep-set eyes, long face, sagging cheeks, anteverted nares, and pointed chin), generalized hypotonia, joint hypermobility, gluteal crease with sacral caudal remnant and sacral dimple, and variable neurological features. Various ophthalmic, cutaneous, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular anomalies have also been described. The disorder is caused by pathogenic mutations in the TAF1 gene (Xq13.1). The pattern of inheritance is X-linked. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of large omphalocele containing liver and small intestine, diaphragmatic hernia, cardiovascular anomalies (e. g. aortic coarctation), variable limb malformations (including radioulnar synostosis, agenesis of the radius and/or thumb, generalised syndactyly, and numerical reduction of toes), and dysmorphic facial features. Additional reported manifestations are unilateral absence of umbilical artery, intestinal malrotation, hypoplastic ovaries, and unilateral renal agenesis, among others. The condition is mostly fatal in the neonatal period. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of large omphalocele containing liver and small intestine, diaphragmatic hernia, cardiovascular anomalies (e. g. aortic coarctation), variable limb malformations (including radioulnar synostosis, agenesis of the radius and/or thumb, generalized syndactyly, and numerical reduction of toes), and dysmorphic facial features. Additional reported manifestations are unilateral absence of umbilical artery, intestinal malrotation, hypoplastic ovaries, and unilateral renal agenesis, among others. The condition is mostly fatal in the neonatal period. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of male, 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis, cleft palate, micrognathia, conotruncal heart defects and unspecific skeletal, brain and kidney anomalies. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of moderate to severe intellectual disability, neurologic signs and symptoms (such as seizures, spasticity, strabismus), characteristic dysmorphic facial features (including broad forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, broad and flat nasal bridge, midline notch of upper lip, lack of upper central incisors, incomplete oral cleft, and prominent mandible), and acne scars. Hearing impairment, pseudo-bulbar palsy, growth retardation, and skeletal anomalies (camptodactyly, clinodactyly, bilateral cubitus valgus, pes cavus/planus) has also been described. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of profound intellectual disability, choreoathetosis, progressive spastic diplegia, progressive tapetoretinal degeneration with loss of retinal vessels and glomerulopathy resulting in death late in the first or early in the second decade of life. Absence of the cerebellar granular layer has been reported. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability and with characteristics of severe congenital contractures of the limbs and face, hypotonia, neonatal respiratory distress, and global developmental delay. Dysmorphic facial features include downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, large nares, long philtrum, and deep nasolabial folds among others. Limb deformities (camptodactyly, clubfoot), short neck, scoliosis as well as seizures have also been reported. Brain MRI may show cerebral and cerebellar atrophy in some cases. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterised by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, macrothrombocytopenia, lymphoedema, and dysmorphic facial features (for example synophrys, ptosis, eversion of the lateral portion of the lower eyelid, thin upper lip). Additional reported manifestations include cardiac and genitourinary anomalies, sensorineural hearing loss, ophthalmologic abnormalities, skeletal anomalies and immunodeficiency. Brain imaging may show enlarged ventricles, cerebellar atrophy or white matter changes. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterised by mild global developmental delay, intellectual disability or learning difficulties, behavioural problems (like autistic, hyperactive, or aggressive behaviour), variable dysmorphic craniofacial features and abnormalities of the fingers (brachydactyly, tapering fingers, prominent interphalangeal joints). Additional manifestations are highly variable and include recurrent infections and skeletal anomalies among others. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, macrothrombocytopenia, lymphedema, and dysmorphic facial features (for example synophrys, ptosis, eversion of the lateral portion of the lower eyelid, thin upper lip). Additional reported manifestations include cardiac and genitourinary anomalies, sensorineural hearing loss, ophthalmologic abnormalities, skeletal anomalies and immunodeficiency. Brain imaging may show enlarged ventricles, cerebellar atrophy or white matter changes. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by mild global developmental delay, intellectual disability or learning difficulties, behavioral problems (like autistic, hyperactive, or aggressive behavior), variable dysmorphic craniofacial features and abnormalities of the fingers (brachydactyly, tapering fingers, prominent interphalangeal joints). Additional manifestations are highly variable and include recurrent infections and skeletal anomalies among others. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability with characteristics of global developmental delay, postnatal microcephaly, intellectual disability, ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. More variable manifestations include hypotonia, growth retardation, peripheral demyelinating neuropathy, dysmorphic facial features and additional endocrine abnormalities. Brain imaging may show progressive cerebellar atrophy in some patients. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability, with characteristics of macrocephaly, intellectual disability, seizures, dysmorphic facial features (including tall forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge and macrostomia), megalencephaly and small thorax. Other reported features are umbilical hernia, muscular hypotonia, global developmental delay, autistic behavior and cafe-au-lait spots among others. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability, with characteristics of macrocephaly, intellectual disability, seizures, dysmorphic facial features (including tall forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge and macrostomia), megalencephaly and small thorax. Other reported features are umbilical hernia, muscular hypotonia, global developmental delay, autistic behaviour and cafe-au-lait spots among others. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome mainly occurring in the Middle East and the Arabian Gulf countries, with characteristics of intrauterine growth restriction at birth, microcephaly, congenital hypoparathyroidism, severe growth retardation, typical facial features (long narrow face, deep-set eyes, beaked nose, floppy and large ears, long philtrum, thin lips and micrognathia) and mild to moderate intellectual deficiency. Ocular findings (i.e. nanophthalmos, retinal vascular tortuosity and corneal opacification/clouding) and superior mesenteric artery syndrome have also been reported. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomaly/intellectual disability syndrome characterised by trigonocephaly and metopic suture synostosis, dysmorphic facial features, short neck, skeletal anomalies, and variable intellectual disability. The aetiology of C syndrome is still unknown. Although most of the reported patients are sporadic, rare cases of familial occurrence have been described. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital anomaly/intellectual disability syndrome characterized by trigonocephaly and metopic suture synostosis, dysmorphic facial features, short neck, skeletal anomalies, and variable intellectual disability. The etiology of C syndrome is still unknown. Although most of the reported patients are sporadic, rare cases of familial occurrence have been described. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple congenital defects/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of variable degrees of bony syngnathia associated with variable additional abnormalities including growth retardation, intellectual disability, microcephaly, iris coloboma, nystagmus, deafness and vertebral segmentation defects. Also associated with genital, limb and additional facial malformations. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple developmental anomalies syndrome with characteristics of the triad of ectodermal dysplasia (mostly hypohidrotic with dry skin and reduced sweating and sparse, fair scalp hair, eyebrows and eyelashes), severe intellectual disability and variable central nervous system anomalies (cerebellar hypoplasia, dilatation of ventricles, corpus callosum agenesis, Dandy-Walker malformation). Distinct craniofacial dysmorphism with macrocephaly, frontal bossing, midfacial hypoplasia and high arched or cleft palate as well as cryptorchidism, feeding difficulties and hypotonia is associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1998. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple malformation syndrome with characteristics of severe intrauterine growth retardation, severe microcephaly with a sloping forehead, severe ichthyosis (collodion baby type), and facial dysmorphism. Severe central nervous system defects are present. The syndrome is transmitted in an autosomal recessive manner. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple metaphyseal dysplasia disease with characteristics of disproportionate short stature, short limbs and digits, tracheobronchial malacia and progressive thoracolumbar scoliosis. Radiographic imaging shows progression from marked metaphyseal dysplasia of tubular bones in childhood to short and broad bones with mild dysplasia of the joints in adulthood. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multiple sclerosis (MS) variant with characteristics of the onset of one or multiple episodes of clinical central nervous system (CNS) symptoms consistent with acquired CNS demyelination, with radiologically proven dissemination of inflammatory lesions in space and time, following exclusion of other disorders before the age of 18 years old. Patients present a predominantly relapsing-remitting course with the first attack usually consisting of optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and monofocal or polyfocal neurological deficits. A high burden of T2-hyperintense lesions on initial MRI, primarily of the supratentorial region and/or of the cervical spinal cord has been reported. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multisystemic autoimmune disease mainly characterised by intermittent painful muscle spasms, alopecia (totalis or universalis in most cases) and long-lasting diarrhoea that could lead to malnutrition, growth retardation, and amenorrhoea. Secondary bone deformities and various endocrine anomalies may also be associated. Antinuclear antibodies are reported in many cases. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare multisystemic autoimmune disease mainly characterized by intermittent painful muscle spasms, alopecia (totalis or universalis in most cases) and long-lasting diarrhea that could lead to malnutrition, growth retardation, and amenorrhea. Secondary bone deformities and various endocrine anomalies may also be associated. Antinuclear antibodies are reported in many cases. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare mycosis caused by Scedosporium species, with characteristics of disparate disease pictures including pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infection, mycetoma, and disseminated infection. Central nervous system infection has also been reported. Infections with this ubiquitous mold can occur in a range of contexts like solid organ transplantation, chemotherapy, chronic lung disease, but also in immunocompetent hosts and near drowning. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare mycosis caused by Scedosporium species, with characteristics of disparate disease pictures including pneumonia, skin and soft tissue infection, mycetoma, and disseminated infection. Central nervous system infection has also been reported. Infections with this ubiquitous mould can occur in a range of contexts like solid organ transplantation, chemotherapy, chronic lung disease, but also in immunocompetent hosts and near drowning. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare myofibrillar myopathy with characteristics of slowly progressive, proximal skeletal muscle weakness, which is initially more prominent in lower extremities and involves upper extremities with disease progression. Patients present with difficulty climbing stairs, a waddling gait, marked winging of scapula, lower back pain, paresis of limb girdle musculature, hypo or areflexia and/or mild facial muscle weakness in rare cases. Respiratory muscle weakness is common and cardiac anomalies (conduction blocks, tachycardia, diastolic dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy) have been reported in some cases. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare naevus disorder characterised by the presence of epidermal naevi consisting of depigmented hypertrichosis manifesting with long, soft, white hair which grows from dilated follicles and follows Blaschko lines, typically located on the scalp, neck, face, trunk and/or limbs. Association with hyperpigmented, hyperkeratotic linear epidermal naevi, macrocephaly, body asymmetry, sacral pit and koilonychia as well as skeletal, ocular and neurological abnormalities have also been reported. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare nail anomaly disorder characterised by complete white discolouration of the nails. Patients typically present white, chalky nails as an isolated finding, although other cutaneous or systemic manifestations could also be present. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous or heterozygous mutation in the PLCD1 gene on chromosome 3p22-p21.3. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare nail anomaly disorder characterized by complete white discoloration of the nails. Patients typically present white, chalky nails as an isolated finding, although other cutaneous or systemic manifestations could also be present. There is evidence the disease can be caused by homozygous or heterozygous mutation in the PLCD1 gene on chromosome 3p22-p21.3. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic disease characterised by occurrence of atypical and aggressive gastric type 1 neuroendocrine tumours (NET) in early adulthood. The tumours often show nodal infiltration requiring total gastrectomy. Synchronous gastric adenocarcinoma has also been reported. Patients present high serum gastrin concentrations and iron-deficiency anaemia rather than megaloblastic anaemia, which is a typical feature in patients with sporadic gastric type 1 NET where the tumour usually arises on the background of autoimmune atrophic gastritis. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic disease characterised by the presence of a tumour located in the parotid, sublingual, submandibular and/or minor salivary glands, which presents with a wide spectrum of clinical features depending on the location, size and type of salivary gland involved, usually manifesting as a slow-growing, painless, commonly solitary mass, rarely associated with facial nerve palsy or nasal/airway obstruction. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic disease characterized by occurrence of atypical and aggressive gastric type 1 neuroendocrine tumors (NET) in early adulthood. The tumors often show nodal infiltration requiring total gastrectomy. Synchronous gastric adenocarcinoma has also been reported. Patients present high serum gastrin concentrations and iron-deficiency anemia rather than megaloblastic anemia, which is a typical feature in patients with sporadic gastric type 1 NET where the tumor usually arises on the background of autoimmune atrophic gastritis. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic disease characterized by the presence of a tumor located in the parotid, sublingual, submandibular and/or minor salivary glands, which presents with a wide spectrum of clinical features depending on the location, size and type of salivary gland involved, usually manifesting as a slow-growing, painless, commonly solitary mass, rarely associated with facial nerve palsy or nasal/airway obstruction. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic disease with the presence of a neoplasm located in the parotid, sublingual, submandibular and/or minor salivary glands. The disease presents with a wide spectrum of clinical features depending on the location, size and type of salivary gland involved, ranging from clinically asymptomatic, slow-growing, painless mass(es), that may or may not be fixed to underlying skin or muscles, to rapidly growing mass(es) associated with pain, facial weakness/nerve palsy, dysphagia, palatal/parapharyngeal fullness, nasal obstruction/bleeding, voice hoarseness/change, trismus, palate bone erosion, telangiectasia, mucosal/skin ulceration and/or cervical adenopathy. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic disorder characterised by benign metastatic masses increasing in size and number after chemotherapy for non-seminomatous germ cell tumours of testis or ovary. It may present at any time after chemotherapy, with a median occurrence within 24 months after treatment completion. Per definition, the resected specimen exclusively contains mature teratoma components, and serum tumour markers have normalised. The retroperitoneum is the most common site, although almost any other localisation has been reported. Increased tumour size may cause mechanical compression of vital organs, with renal dysfunction, bowel ischaemia and biliary obstruction as major complications. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic disorder characterized by benign metastatic masses increasing in size and number after chemotherapy for non-seminomatous germ cell tumors of testis or ovary. It may present at any time after chemotherapy, with a median occurrence within 24 months after treatment completion. Per definition, the resected specimen exclusively contains mature teratoma components, and serum tumor markers have normalized. The retroperitoneum is the most common site, although almost any other localization has been reported. Increased tumor size may cause mechanical compression of vital organs, with renal dysfunction, bowel ischemia and biliary obstruction as major complications. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic gastroenterologic disease most often found in children, which usually presents with the non-specific symptoms of a palpable mass, vomiting, abdominal pain, jaundice, and weight loss/failure to thrive. Histologically, this malignant epithelial pancreatic neoplasm of the exocrine cells has multiple lines of differentiation (acinar, ductal, mesenchymal, neuroendocrine) and the presence of squamoid nests. Pancreatoblastoma can occur in any part of the pancreas. It is a malignant embryonal neoplasm that seems to recapitulate the embryogenesis of the pancreas, presumably because it originates from the pluripotent pancreatic stem cells during foregut development. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neoplastic lesion of the submucosal stroma, which can develop in any organ, often occurring in the lung, mesentery, omentum and the retroperitoneal region. It is histologically heterogenous, composed of spindle-shaped cells, myofibroblasts and inflammatory cells. It is usually benign, however local invasion, recurrence, malignant transformation with vascular invasion and metastases may occur. The presentation is nonspecific and depends on the organ involved. Some patients may present with paraneoplastic syndrome (fever, malaise, weight loss, thrombocytosis) or symptoms related to compression of adjacent organs, such as bowel obstruction. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neural tube closure defect characterised by an abnormally low lying conus which is tethered by a lumbosacral lipomatous mass (containing fatty tissue, nerve fibres, meningeal strands and fibrous bands) which engulfs the filum terminale and varying numbers of dorsal and ventral nerve root components, typically producing sensory, motor, bowel and/or bladder dysfunction. Cutaneous stigmata, absent or reduced reflexes and foot deformities (for example talipes cavovalgus) are frequently present. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neural tube closure defect characterized by an abnormally low lying conus which is tethered by a lumbosacral lipomatous mass (containing fatty tissue, nerve fibers, meningeal strands and fibrous bands) which engulfs the filum terminale and varying numbers of dorsal and ventral nerve root components, typically producing sensory, motor, bowel and/or bladder dysfunction. Cutaneous stigmata, absent or reduced reflexes and foot deformities (for example talipes cavovalgus) are frequently present. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neural tube defect with characteristics of cystic dilatation of the central canal of the spinal cord, herniating posteriorly through a dorsal spinal defect. The malformation can occur anywhere along the spinal cord but appears to be more frequent in the posterior cervical and the lumbosacral region. It may be an isolated anomaly or be associated with other defects, including anorectal and genitourinary anomalies, or sacral agenesis. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuro inflammatory/neuro autoimmune disease with characteristics of acute (or subacute) onset of disturbance of consciousness (occasionally presenting as convulsions) and high fever associated with cerebral lesions (on magnetic resonance imaging) that are restricted to the limbic system (particularly the hippocampi and amygdalae), in the absence of viral, bacterial, fungal, paraneoplastic and other disorders. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuro-ophthalmological disease with characteristics of nonprogressive cerebellar ataxia, delayed motor and language development and intellectual disability in addition to ophthalmological abnormalities (e.g. oculomotor apraxia, strabismus, amblyopia, retinal dystrophy and myopia). Cerebellar cysts, cerebellar dysplasia and cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, seen on magnetic resonance imaging, are also characteristic of the disease. Caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the LAMA1 gene on chromosome 18p11. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuro-ophthalmological disease with characteristics of severe microcephaly of prenatal onset (with diminutive anterior fontanelle and sutural ridging), growth retardation, global developmental delay and intellectual disability (ranging from mild to profound), dysmorphic features (sloping forehead, micro/retrognathia, prominent ears) and visual impairments (including microphthalmia to anophthalmia, retinopathy or multiple punched-out retinal lesions, retinal folds with retinal detachment, optic nerve hypoplasia, strabismus, nystagmus). Brain MRI may show reduced cortical size, cerebral hemispheres, corpus callosum, pachygyria, simplified gyral folding or normal pattern. Other associated features include epilepsy and neurological deficits. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuro-ophthalmological disorder characterised by a congenital sensory deficit involving all or some of the sensory components of the trigeminal nerve. Due to corneal anaesthesia, it usually presents with recurrent, painless eye infections, painless corneal opacities and/or poorly healing, ulcerated wounds on the facial skin and mucosa (typically the buccal mucosa and/or nasal septum). A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuro-ophthalmological disorder characterized by a congenital sensory deficit involving all or some of the sensory components of the trigeminal nerve. Due to corneal anesthesia, it usually presents with recurrent, painless eye infections, painless corneal opacities and/or poorly healing, ulcerated wounds on the facial skin and mucosa (typically the buccal mucosa and/or nasal septum). A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disease caused by homozygous mutations in the PCNA gene and with characteristics of neurodegeneration, postnatal growth retardation, prelingual sensorineural hearing loss, premature aging, ocular and cutaneous telangiectasia, learning difficulties, photophobia and photosensitivity with evidence of predisposition to sun-induced malignancy. Progressive neurologic deterioration leads to gait disturbances, muscle weakness, speech and swallowing difficulties and progressive cognitive decline. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disease characterised by slowly progressive ataxia, amyotrophy of the hands and distal arms, spastic paraplegia, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, hypogonadism and short stature. Additional features include generalised cerebellar atrophy and peripheral nervous system anomalies. Small cervical spinal cord, intellectual/language disability and localised vitiligo have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by slowly progressive ataxia, amyotrophy of the hands and distal arms, spastic paraplegia, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, hypogonadism and short stature. Additional features include generalized cerebellar atrophy and peripheral nervous system anomalies. Small cervical spinal cord, intellectual/language disability and localized vitiligo have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disease usually presenting before the age of 30 with characteristics of dystonia, L-dopa-responsive parkinsonism, pyramidal signs and rapid cognitive decline. Prevalence is unknown. Only 14 cases have been reported to date. Caused by mutations in the phospholipase A2, group VI (PLA2G6) gene located on chromosome 22q13.1. Inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disease with characteristics of progressive cataracts, hearing loss, cerebellar ataxia, paranoid psychosis and dementia. Neuropathological features are diffuse atrophy of all parts of the brain, chronic diffuse encephalopathy and the presence of extremely thin and almost completely demyelinated cranial nerves. Caused by mutation in the ITM2B gene. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disease with characteristics of progressive cognitive impairment, spastic tetraparesis and cerebellar ataxia resulting from amyloid deposits in the brain. Spasticity with increased deep tendon reflexes and tone are early symptoms, muscular rigidity evolves later. Progressive mental deterioration usually starts with apathy and impaired memory with progression to complete disorientation. Caused by heterozygous mutation in the ITM2B gene on chromosome 13q14. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disease with characteristics of progressive dementia and ataxia, widespread cerebral amyloid angiopathy and parenchymal amyloid deposition. Two subtypes have been identified, ABri amyloidosis and ADan amyloidosis. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disorder belonging to the group of infantile progressive encephalopathies. Onset occurs during the first few weeks or months of life with hypotonia, poor feeding, drowsiness and abnormal movements. Infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia and seizures appear during the first year of life. Visual loss, abnormal eye movements and optic atrophy also occur during infancy. Transmission appears to be autosomal recessive. A significant number of patients have been described who displayed most of the diagnostic criteria and features of PEHO syndrome, but did not appear to have cerebral atrophy on MRI, lacked the ophthalmologic signs and showed no reduction in CSF IGF-1 levels. This group of patients was diagnosed with PEHO-like syndrome. The prognosis is poor and most patients die before 15 years of age, mainly as a result of pneumonia or aspiration. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodegenerative disorder with characteristics of early onset of truncal hypotonia, variable forms of seizures, athetosis, severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability and various ophthalmologic abnormalities, including strabismus, nystagmus, optic atrophy and retinal degeneration. There is evidence the disease is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the aconitase-2 gene (ACO2) on chromosome 22q13. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurodevelopmental disorder that is lethal in males and with characteristics of variable anomalies including external malformations (craniofacial and digital), and possible involvement of the central nervous system and of viscera (kidneys, pancreas and ovaries) in females. The disease is caused by mutations in the OFD1 gene (Xp22). A fraction of cases display genomic deletions. High penetrance has been reported but expression is highly variable. Follows an X-linked dominant pattern of inheritance. The gene mutations commonly occur de novo. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from neural crest-derived paraganglion cells (most often in the para-aortic region at the level of renal hilii, organ of Zuckerkandl, thoracic paraspinal region, bladder and carotid body) not associated with catecholamine secretion. These neoplasms are usually clinically silent and symptoms if present are nonspecific and depend on the location of the neoplasm. Association with certain hereditary cancer-predisposing syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia, neurofibromatosis type 1 or von Hippel lindau syndrome may be observed. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroendocrine tumor of pancreas characterized by a well-differentiated epithelial pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm measuring at least 0.5 cm, without distinct hormonal syndrome. Tumors less than 0.5 cm are called microadenomas. Microadenomatosis is the multifocal occurrence of microadenomas. Histopathologic examination shows an organoid growth pattern and expression of synaptophysin and chromogranin A on immunohistochemistry. Tumors are often discovered incidentally, or patients may present with symptoms related to local or metastatic tumor spread. Microadenomas are considered benign, while larger tumors may behave in a malignant manner with extrapancreatic spread, metastasis, or recurrence. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroendocrine tumour of pancreas characterised by a well-differentiated epithelial pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm measuring at least 0.5 cm, without distinct hormonal syndrome. Tumours less than 0.5 cm are called microadenomas. Microadenomatosis is the multifocal occurrence of microadenomas. Histopathologic examination shows an organoid growth pattern and expression of synaptophysin and chromogranin A on immunohistochemistry. Tumours are often discovered incidentally, or patients may present with symptoms related to local or metastatic tumour spread. Microadenomas are considered benign, while larger tumours may behave in a malignant manner with extrapancreatic spread, metastasis, or recurrence. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroimmunological disorder characterised by the onset of cognitive decline, psychiatric disturbances and seizures (distinctively faciobrachial dystonic seizures) in association with detection of LGI1 antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. Patients may present with confusion, hallucinations, vocalisation, paranoia, tangentiality, aggressive outbursts and/or spatial disorientation, as well as obstinate hyponatraemia. It is most often non-paraneoplastic, however comorbid tumours, such as small cell lung cancer and thymoma, have been reported. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroimmunological disorder characterized by the onset of cognitive decline, psychiatric disturbances and seizures (distinctively faciobrachial dystonic seizures) in association with detection of LGI1 antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid. Patients may present with confusion, hallucinations, vocalization, paranoia, tangentiality, aggressive outbursts and/or spatial disorientation, as well as obstinate hyponatremia. It is most often non-paraneoplastic, however comorbid tumors, such as small cell lung cancer and thymoma, have been reported. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroimmunological disorder with the onset of cognitive deficits, psychiatric disturbances (e.g. personality changes), seizures, peripheral nerve hyperexcitability, dysautonomia, neuropathic pain, insomnia and weight loss, in association with detection of caspr2 antibodies in serum or cerebrospinal fluid, with or without underlying malignancies. Other features reported include blepharoclonus, myoclonic status epilepticus, and dyskinesia. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroinflammatory disease characterised by the onset of ataxia, dysarthria and cerebral white matter changes that are triggered by viral infection. Episodic progressive neurodegeneration (manifesting with loss of motor and verbal skills, muscle weakness, further cerebral white matter degeneration and eventually, death) is observed in the absence of haematopathology, cytokine overproduction, fever, hypertriglyceridaemia, hypofibrinogenaemia and hyperferritinemia. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroinflammatory disease characterized by the onset of ataxia, dysarthria and cerebral white matter changes that are triggered by viral infection. Episodic progressive neurodegeneration (manifesting with loss of motor and verbal skills, muscle weakness, further cerebral white matter degeneration and eventually, death) is observed in the absence of hematopathology, cytokine overproduction, fever, hypertriglyceridemia, hypofibrinogenemia and hyperferritinemia. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neuroinflammatory disorder with characteristics of brainstem-predominant encephalomyelitis, which typically presents with cerebellar and cranial nerve manifestations (gait ataxia, dysarthria, visual disorders, parasthesia), as well as brainstem, myelopathy and cognitive findings that respond to steroid treatment. Punctate curvilinear post-gadolinium contrast enhancement predominantly in the pons and cerebellum is observed on brain MRI and prominent, perivascular, CD3+ T-cell predominantly lymphocytic inflammation in neuropathology. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterised by an early onset of positive and negative symptoms of psychosis that impact development and cognitive functioning. Clinical manifestations commonly include premorbid features of autism spectrum disorders, attention deficits, neurodevelopmental delays, and behavioural abnormalities. After the onset of psychotic symptoms, other comorbidities are also common, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, expressive and receptive language disorders, auditory processing deficits and executive functioning deficits. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterised by complex partial seizures with or without secondary generalisation, or idiopathic primarily generalised epilepsy, triggered by sexual orgasm. Seizures usually start immediately, shortly after or a few hours after the achievement of orgasm, last a few seconds or minutes, and are followed, in very rare cases, by intense migraine. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterised by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, multiple ischaemic lesions on brain MRI, behavioural abnormalities, dystonia, choreic movements and pyramidal syndrome, facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, arched palate, macroglossia), retinitis pigmentosa, scoliosis, seizures. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterised by lethargy, hypotonia, poor feeding, opisthotonus and a typical high-pitched cry due to bilirubin accumulation in the globus pallidus, sub-thalamic nuclei, and other brain regions, resulting from severe neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. Onset of symptoms is typically within the first three to five days of life. Additional features include fever, apnoea, seizures and coma. Respiratory failure or refractory seizures may lead to a fatal outcome. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterised by seizures induced by specific cognitive tasks, such as calculation or solving arithmetic problems, playing thinking games (e.g. chess, cards), thinking, making decisions and abstract reasoning. Idiopathic generalised seizures are mainly involved, but partial epilepsies may, in rare cases, be observed. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterised by the association of suction-swallowing dysfunction, abnormal laryngeal sensitivity and motility (manifesting with dyspnoea or obstructive apnoea-hypopnoea), gastrooesophageal reflux (generally resistant to medication) and cardiac vagal overactivity (e.g. brachycardia, vasovagal episodes) of varying degrees of severity. Impaired social interaction has also been reported. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterised by the onset of generalised or focal seizures following immersion of the head in hot water, or with hot water being poured over the head. Primary generalised tonic-clonic seizures have been reported in rare cases. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterized by an early onset of positive and negative symptoms of psychosis that impact development and cognitive functioning. Clinical manifestations commonly include premorbid features of autism spectrum disorders, attention deficits, neurodevelopmental delays, and behavioral abnormalities. After the onset of psychotic symptoms, other comorbidities are also common, including obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depressive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, expressive and receptive language disorders, auditory processing deficits and executive functioning deficits. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterized by complex partial seizures with or without secondary generalization, or idiopathic primarily generalized epilepsy, triggered by sexual orgasm. Seizures usually start immediately, shortly after or a few hours after the achievement of orgasm, last a few seconds or minutes, and are followed, in very rare cases, by intense migraine. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, multiple ischemic lesions on brain MRI, behavioral abnormalities, dystonia, choreic movements and pyramidal syndrome, facial dysmorphism (hypertelorism, arched palate, macroglossia), retinitis pigmentosa, scoliosis, seizures. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterized by lethargy, hypotonia, poor feeding, opisthotonus and a typical high-pitched cry due to bilirubin accumulation in the globus pallidus, sub-thalamic nuclei, and other brain regions, resulting from severe neonatal unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Onset of symptoms is typically within the first three to five days of life. Additional features include fever, apnea, seizures and coma. Respiratory failure or refractory seizures may lead to a fatal outcome. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterized by seizures induced by specific cognitive tasks, such as calculation or solving arithmetic problems, playing thinking games (e.g. chess, cards), thinking, making decisions and abstract reasoning. Idiopathic generalized seizures are mainly involved, but partial epilepsies may, in rare cases, be observed. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterized by the association of suction-swallowing dysfunction, abnormal laryngeal sensitivity and motility (manifesting with dyspnea or obstructive apnea-hypopnea), gastroesophageal reflux (generally resistant to medication) and cardiac vagal overactivity (e.g. brachycardia, vasovagal episodes) of varying degrees of severity. Impaired social interaction has also been reported. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease characterized by the onset of generalized or focal seizures following immersion of the head in hot water, or with hot water being poured over the head. Primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures have been reported in rare cases. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease with characteristics of axonal sensorimotor neuropathy, progressive optic atrophy, cognitive deficit, bulbar dysfunction, seizures, early hypotonia and feeding difficulties. Additional possible features include dystonia, scoliosis, joint contractures, ocular anomalies and urogenital anomalies. Brain MRI reveals variable degrees of cerebral atrophy. The disease is fatal in childhood due to respiratory failure. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease with characteristics of excessive startle response to unexpected auditory, tactile or visual stimuli, associated with hyperreflexia. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease with characteristics of frequent and spontaneous epileptic seizures (frequently with symmetrical or asymmetrical tonic features) triggered by a normal startle in response to a sudden and unexpected somatosensory (most frequently auditory) stimulus. Falls are common and can be traumatic. In most cases, the disease is associated with spastic hemiplegia, spastic diplegia or spastic tetraplegia and intellectual disability. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease with characteristics of multifaceted motor system dysfunctions and cognitive defects such as asymmetric rigidity, bradykinesia, limb apraxia and visuospatial dysfunction. The disease shows a wide clinical variability between patients with many developing a relatively pure motor syndrome, and others displaying a combination of motor and cognitive deficits. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease with characteristics of persistent continuous bilateral visual experience of flickering snow-like dots throughout the visual field in association with other visual (including palinopsia, enhanced entopic phenomena, nyctalopia, photophobia and photopsia) and non-visual (migraine with or without aura, tinnitus and occasionally tremor) symptoms. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.
A rare neurologic disease with characteristics of persistent elevation of the serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) without any clinical, neuro-physical or histopathological evidence of neuromuscular disease using available laboratory procedures. It is usually an incidental finding, diagnosed after exclusion of other possible causes of elevated CK levels. A component that is no longer current, useful, appropriate or acceptable.

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