| Inbound Relationships |
Type |
Active |
Source |
Characteristic |
Refinability |
Group |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay and moderate to severe intellectual disability, as well as variable other manifestations, such as macro- or microcephaly, epilepsy, hypotonia, behavioral problems, stereotypic movements, and facial dysmorphism (including arched eyebrows, long palpebral fissures, prominent nasal bridge, upturned nose, dysplastic ears, and broad mouth), among others. Brain imaging may show cerebellar anomalies, hypoplastic corpus callosum, enlarged ventricles, polymicrogyria, or white matter abnormalities. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability and mild to moderate facial dysmorphism in association with variable brain malformations (including abnormal gyration patterns, ventriculomegaly, white matter abnormalities, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and cerebellar hemispheres), musculoskeletal abnormalities (including hemivertebrae, scoliosis or kyphosis, contractures, and joint laxity), ocular involvement (strabismus, hypermetropia and cortical visual impairment) and hypotonia. Additional clinical manifestations may include seizures, short stature urogenital malformations, heart defects and gastrointestinal malformations. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare overgrowth syndrome associated with multiple congenital anomalies characterized by tall stature, large hands and feet with large thumbs and halluces, spatulate digits, developmental delay and facial dysmorphism. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Deafness-dystonia-optic neuronopathy syndrome (disorder) |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, absent scrotum or labia majora, absent or underdeveloped nipples and a tuft of hair extruding from the lactiferous ducts, bilateral corneal opacities, and dysmorphic craniofacial features (microcephaly, short forehead, and ear abnormalities, among others). Patients also show horizontal nystagmus and ataxic gait. Brain MRI reveals small cerebellar hemispheres and vermis and a small pons. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, seizures, and autism spectrum disorder. Variable associated features include ophthalmologic anomalies, congenital heart defects, genitourinary defects, and craniofacial dysmorphism (including frontal bossing, epicanthal folds, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears, anteverted nares, and micrognathia). Brain imaging may show thinning of the corpus callosum, white matter abnormalities, ventriculomegaly, and a small cerebellar vermis. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay and intellectual disability, infantile hypotonia, microcephaly, movement disorder, and impaired balance. More variable manifestations are hearing loss, cortical visual impairment, abnormalities of fingers and/or toes, congenital cardiac anomalies, kyphoscoliosis, dysmorphic facial features, abnormal sleep pattern, and seizures, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare congenital disorder of glycosylation characterized by early onset of hypotonia, severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and seizures. Ataxia, mild facial dysmorphism, and autistic behavior have also been reported. Brain MRI findings are variable and include cerebral atrophy, cerebellar hypoplasia/atrophy, and thin corpus callosum. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by infantile onset of global developmental delay, severe intellectual disability, growth deficiency, microcephaly, strabismus, blue-gray sclerae, and extensive Mongolian spots. Some patients also present with epilepsy. Brain imaging may demonstrate variable abnormalities including cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum, ventriculomegaly, or arachnoid cysts. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by infantile to childhood onset of global developmental delay, hypotonia, seizures, growth delay, and intellectual disability. Additional variable features include strabismus, cortical visual impairment, nystagmus, movement disorder (such as dystonia, ataxia, or chorea), or mild dysmorphic features, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, macrothrombocytopenia, lymphedema, and dysmorphic facial features (like synophrys, ptosis, eversion of the lateral portion of the lower eyelid, and thin upper lip, among others). Additional reported manifestations include cardiac and genitourinary anomalies, sensorineural hearing loss, ophthalmologic abnormalities, skeletal anomalies, and immunodeficiency. Brain imaging may show enlarged ventricles, cerebellar atrophy, or white matter changes. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by intellectual disability of variable degree, behavioral anomalies (including autism, mood disorders, obsessive-compulsive behavior, and hetero- and auto-aggression), and epilepsy. Progressive neurological symptoms like movement disorders and spasticity, as well as subtle dysmorphic features have also been reported. Heterozygous females may be as severely affected as males. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic facial features (such as facial asymmetry, prominent forehead, short palpebral fissures, low nasal bridge, smooth and long philtrum, thin upper lip, and low-set, posteriorly rotated, dysplastic ears), exclusively affecting females. Additional reported manifestations include short stature, choanal atresia, scoliosis, congenital ocular, dental, cardiac, and urogenital anomalies, as well as hypotonia, seizures, and structural brain abnormalities, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Recurrent metabolic encephalomyopathic crises-rhabdomyolysis-cardiac arrhythmia-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, genetic, neurodegenerative disease characterized by episodic metabolic encephalomyopathic crises (of variable frequency and severity which are frequently precipitated by an acute illness) which manifest with profound muscle weakness, ataxia, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, elevated plasma creatine kinase, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, increased acylcarnitines and a disorientated or comatose state. Global developmental delay, intellectual disability and cortical, pyramidal and cerebellar signs develop with subsequent progressive neurodegeneration causing loss of expressive language and varying degrees of cerebral atrophy. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Palatal anomalies-widely spaced teeth-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, axial hypotonia, palate abnormalities (including cleft palate and/or high and narrow palate), dysmorphic facial features (including prominent forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, wide nasal bridge, thin lips and widely spaced teeth), and short stature. Additional manifestations may include digital anomalies (such as brachydactyly, clinodactyly, and hypoplastic toenails), a single palmar crease, lower limb hypertonia, joint hypermobility, as well as ocular and urogenital anomalies. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 17 characterized by a combination of features of 17p11.2 microduplication syndrome and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A. Patients present with infantile onset of global developmental delay, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, and failure to thrive, as well as childhood onset of peripheral neuropathy with distal extremity weakness or atrophy, gait impairment, sensory loss, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes of the ankles, and foot deformities. Facial dysmorphism, cardiac and renal anomalies, and syringomyelia may also be observed. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Christianson syndrome |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| An X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by a few months of normal development, followed by progressive neurodegenerative course with gradual loss of vision, development of spastic tetraplegia, convulsions, microcephaly, failure to thrive, and early death. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare mitochondrial disease characterized by early onset of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and variable neurologic symptoms including global developmental delay, hypotonia, intellectual disability, visual impairment, and seizures. Lactic acidosis is present in all patients. Muscle biopsy usually shows decreased activity of mitochondrial complexes I and IV. Brain imaging may reveal variable abnormal signal intensities in the thalamus, basal ganglia, and/or brain stem. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by postnatal microcephaly, hypotonia during infancy followed in most cases by progressive spasticity mainly affecting the lower limbs, and spastic diplegia or paraplegia, intellectual disability, delayed or absent speech, and dysarthria. Seizures and mildly dysmorphic features have been described in some patients. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, seizures, abnormal gait, and craniofacial dysmorphism (including coarse features, depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nares, broad nasal tip, prominent maxilla and upper lip, wide mouth, abnormal gingiva, and widely spaced teeth). Additional reported manifestations are ocular anomalies, cardiac defects, gastrointestinal problems, and autistic features. Brain imaging may show thin corpus callosum, white matter abnormalities, or dilated ventricles. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare hereditary ataxia characterized by delayed motor milestones in early infancy, hypotonia, ataxic gait, intention tremor, nystagmus, dysarthric speech, and variable learning difficulties. Neuroimaging shows a mixed picture of cerebellar hypoplasia and degeneration, with an almost absent inferior lobule and thinning of the folia of the vermis. In addition, cisterna magna and fourth ventricle are enlarged with relative sparing of the brain stem volume. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by the association of developmental delay, variable intellectual disability, skeletal dysplasia, and in many cases T-cell immunodeficiency and other immunologic abnormalities. Skeletal findings include short stature, anomalies of the long bones, hands and feet, and pelvis, platyspondyly, cervical malformation, and pectus excavatum. Dysmorphic facial features, such as coarse face, hypertelorism, and broad nasal tip, may be present. Additional reported manifestations are seizures, hyperreflexia, nystagmus, and muscular hypotonia, as well as multiple liver cysts. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare pervasive developmental disorder characterized by microcephaly, profound developmental delay, intellectual disability, bilateral cataracts, severe epilepsy including infantile spasms, hypotonia, irritability, feeding difficulties leading to failure to thrive, and stereotypic hand movements. The disease manifests in infancy. Brain imaging reveals delay in myelination and cerebral atrophy. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with variable intellectual disability characterized by abnormal head shape/metopic ridging and facial dysmorphism (which may include arched eyebrows, ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, and short upturned nose). Many patients present variable global developmental delay and/or autism spectrum disorder. Additional reported features are cardiac, skeletal, or urogenital anomalies. Brain imaging may show agenesis of the corpus callosum. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by microcephaly, global developmental delay, mild to severe intellectual disability, impairment of speech, feeding problems, behavior problems (often autism spectrum disorder) and dysmorphic facial features (such as prominent ears, deep-set eyes, a short nose with a broad nasal tip, and retrognathia with a broad chin). Other, more variable manifestations include seizures, short stature, ocular anomalies, cardiac anomalies, urogenital anomalies and musculoskeletal defects. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability, developmental delay, macrocephaly, speech delay, and hypotonia. Dysmorphic facial features include a high, broad, and/or prominent forehead, laterally sparse eyebrows, widely spaced and deeply-set eyes, narrow palpebral fissures, low-set ears, full/prominent cheeks, midface hypoplasia, thin upper lip, and a pointed chin. Additional variable manifestations include joint laxity, abnormality of vision (including hypermetropia, strabismus, and cerebral visual impairment), genital abnormalities in males, and inguinal, umbilical, or hiatal hernia. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic disease characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, language deficits, and cardiac arrhythmia (most commonly sick sinus syndrome). Additional reported features include epilepsy, hypotonia, retinal abnormalities, nystagmus, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and gastroesophageal reflux. The severity of the phenotype is highly variable. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disease characterized by severe intrauterine and post-natal growth delay, moderate to severe intellectual disability, and neonatal-onset hepatopathy with fibrosis, steatosis, and/or cholestasis, occasionally leading to liver failure. Additional variable manifestations include muscular hypotonia, zinc deficiency, recurrent infections, diabetes mellitus, joint contractures, skin and joint laxity, hypervitaminosis D, and sensorineural hearing loss. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic disease characterized by infantile onset of severe inflammatory bowel disease manifesting with bloody diarrhea and failure to thrive, and central nervous system disease with global developmental delay and regression, impaired speech, hypotonia, hyperreflexia, and epilepsy. Brain imaging shows global cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum, delayed myelination, and posterior leukoencephalopathy. Cases with recurrent infections and impaired T-cell responses to stimulation, as well as decreased T-cell subsets, have been reported. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction, global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic facial features (such as broad nasal root, anteverted nares, long philtrum, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, and short neck). Additional reported manifestations are microcephaly, short stature, vertebral abnormalities, joint laxity, ocular, cardiac, and renal defects, and minor limb anomalies. Brain imaging may show hypoplastic corpus callosum, delayed myelination, and cerebral atrophy. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by variable developmental delay and intellectual disability, movement disorder or gait abnormalities, and dysmorphic craniofacial features (such as facial asymmetry, broad forehead, posteriorly rotated ears, thick lower lip, micrognathia, or cleft palate). A variety of congenital malformations have been reported in addition, including ocular, renal, cardiac, and joint anomalies, among others. Some patients show behavioral alterations (autism, hyperactivity, or anxiety). |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by progressive spastic paraparesis and delayed gross motor development with an onset in infancy or early childhood. Patients also show variable degrees of intellectual disability, speech delay, and dysarthria. Other reported features include microcephaly, seizures, bifid uvula with or without cleft palate, and ocular anomalies. Brain imaging shows white matter abnormalities in the periventricular and other regions. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic intellectual disability characterised by the association of intellectual disability with variable other anomalies in the absence of a well-characterised syndrome. Associated abnormalities may include facial dysmorphism, neurological signs and symptoms, behavioural problems, and abnormalities of various other organ systems. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, variable degrees of intellectual disability, and facial dysmorphism (including high nasal bridge, deep-set eyes, and wide mouth), often associated with feeding difficulties and/or gastroesophageal reflux. Additional reported manifestations are seizures, hypotonia, autistic features, and joint laxity. Brain imaging may show non-specific features (such as cerebral atrophy). |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by variable developmental delay, intellectual disability, early-onset seizures, and facial dysmorphism (including arched eyebrows, long palpebral fissures, prominent nasal bridge, large ears, thin upper lip, and high arched palate). Other reported features are microcephaly, hypotonia, growth retardation, congenital heart defects, and malformations of the fingers and toes, as well as additional neurologic manifestations (such as ataxia or spastic quadriplegia). Brain imaging may show hypoplastic corpus callosum, white matter abnormalities, or cortical atrophy. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by mild global developmental delay, intellectual disability or learning difficulties, behavioral problems (like autistic, hyperactive, or aggressive behavior), variable dysmorphic craniofacial features, and abnormalities of the fingers (brachydactyly, tapering fingers, prominent interphalangeal joints). Additional manifestations are highly variable and include recurrent infections and skeletal anomalies, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by mild intellectual disability, developmental delay, dysmorphic facial features, growth- and feeding problems, hypotonia, epilepsy, behavioral problems and a variety of congenital abnormalities. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, neurodevelopmental disorder with primordial microcephaly characterized by primary microcephaly, moderate to severe intellectual disability, and global developmental delay. Variable brain malformations are common ranging from simplified gyration, to cortical malformations such as pachygyria, polymicrogyria, reduced sulcation and midline defects. Craniofacial dysmorphism (e.g. sloping forehead, high and broad nasal bridge) are related to the primary microcephaly. Short stature is frequently observed and may be severe. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by hypotonia, delayed motor development, dyskinesia of the limbs, intellectual disability with impaired speech development, seizures, autistic features, stereotypic movements, and sleep disturbance. Onset of symptoms is in infancy. Bilateral abnormalities in the putamen on brain MRI have been reported in some patients. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by several dysmorphic features, hypotonia, developmental delay, intellectual disability, behavioral problems, visual and hearing abnormalities, constipation, and feeding difficulties. Common dysmorphic features include coarse facies, broad forehead, synophrys, bushy eyebrows, deep-set eyes, downslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthus, depressed nasal bridge, bulbous nasal tip, posteriorly rotated ears, full cheeks, thin upper lip, inverted nipples, and hirsutism. Behavioral problems tend to be dominated by ADHD, but anxiety, aggressive outbursts and autistic features may also present. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic leukodystrophy identified in families of Ashkenazi Jewish descent, characterized by infancy onset of severe global developmental delay with very limited or absent speech and sometimes complete absence of motor development, hypotonia, spasticity, and acquired microcephaly. Seizures, hearing loss, visual impairment, and autonomic dysfunction have also been described. Brain imaging shows delayed myelination and other white matter abnormalities. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Seizures-scoliosis-macrocephaly syndrome is a rare, genetic neurometabolic disorder characterized by seizures, macrocephaly, delayed motor milestones, moderate intellectual disability, scoliosis with no exostoses, muscular hypotonia present since birth, as well as renal dysfunction. Coarse facial features (including hypertelorism and long hypoplastic philtrum) and bilateral cryptorchidism (in males) are also commonly reported. Additional manifestations include abnormal gastrointestinal motility (resulting in constipation, diarrhea, gastroesophageal reflux and dysphagia), gait disturbances, strabismus and ventricular septal defects. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by short stature, hand brachydactyly with hypoplastic distal phalanges, global development delay, intellectual disability, and more variably seizures, obesity, and craniofacial dysmorphism that includes microcephaly, high forehead, flat face, hypertelorism, deep set eyes, flat nasal bridge, averted nostrils, long philtrum, thin lip vermilion, and short neck. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Spastic paraplegia-severe developmental delay-epilepsy syndrome is a rare, genetic, complex spastic paraplegia disorder characterized by an infantile-onset of psychomotor developmental delay with severe intellectual disability and poor speech acquisition, associated with seizures (mostly myoclonic), muscular hypotonia which may be noted at birth, and slowly progressive spasticity in the lower limbs leading to severe gait disturbances. Ocular abnormalities and incontinence are commonly associated. Other symptoms may include verbal dyspraxia, hypogenitalism, macrocephaly and sensorineural hearing loss, as well as dystonic movements and ataxia with upper limb involvement. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay and intellectual disability, progressive spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, short stature, short fourth metatarsals, and dysmorphic craniofacial features (including microcephaly, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, mild ptosis, strabismus, malar hypoplasia, short nose, depressed nasal bridge, full lips, small, low-set ears, and short neck). Craniosynostosis, generalized hypotonia, as well as asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres and mild thinning of the corpus callosum on brain imaging have also been described. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability, characterized by macrocephaly, intellectual disability, seizures, dysmorphic facial features (including tall forehead, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, depressed nasal bridge, and macrostomia), megalencephaly, and small thorax. Other reported features are umbilical hernia, muscular hypotonia, global developmental delay, autistic behavior, and café-au-lait spots, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Macrocephaly-intellectual disability-left ventricular non compaction syndrome is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by motor and cognitive developmental delay with language impairment, macrocephaly, hypotonia, dysmorphic facial features (including long face, slanting palpebral fissures and prominent, flattened nose) and left ventricular noncompaction cardiomyopathy. Patients also present skeletal abnormalities (e.g. scoliosis, finger clinodactyly, pes planus), slender build and shy behavior. Strabismus and various neurological signs (including ataxia, tremor and hyperreflexia) may be associated, as well as epilepsy, autism and MRI findings showing a small cerebellum and abnormalities of the corpus callosum. A phenotypic variant with no cardiac involvement has been reported. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic intellectual disability syndrome characterized by severe global developmental delay with intellectual disability, microcephaly, growth retardation, ocular defects such as congenital cataract, and nevus flammeus simplex on the forehead. Cardiac, urogenital, and skeletal abnormalities, as well as seizures are present in most patients. Dysmorphic craniofacial features include sparse hair, downslanting palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, broad and overhanging nasal tip and short philtrum, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Sanjad-Sakati syndrome (SSS), also known as hypoparathyroidism - intellectual disability-dysmorphism, is a rare multiple congenital anomaly syndrome, mainly occurring in the Middle East and the Arabian Gulf countries, characterized by intrauterine growth restriction at birth, microcephaly, congenital hypoparathyroidism (that can cause hypocalcemic tetany or seizures in infancy), severe growth retardation, typical facial features (long narrow face, deep-set eyes, beaked nose, floppy and large ears, long philtrum, thin lips and micrognathia), and mild to moderate intellectual deficiency. Ocular findings (i.e. nanophthalmos, retinal vascular tortuosity and corneal opacification/clouding) and superior mesenteric artery syndrome have also been reported. Although SSS shares the same locus with the autosomal recessive form of Kenny-Caffey syndrome, the latter differs from SSS by its normal intelligence and skeletal features. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| X-linked microcephaly-growth retardation-prognathism-cryptorchidism syndrome is a rare syndromic intellectual disability characterized by hypotonia, microcephaly, severe developmental delay, seizures, intellectual disability, growth retardation, cardiac septal defects, cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and dysmorphic features - prominent ears, prognathism, thin upper lip, dental crowding. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by moderate to severe intellectual deficiency, language deficit (completely absent or significantly impaired speech), and distinctive facial dysmorphism (long face, straight eyebrows, and, less frequently, low-set ears and café-au-lait spots). Additional, variably observed features include motor delays, behavioral difficulties, and seizures. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by profound intellectual disability, choreoathetosis, progressive spastic diplegia, progressive tapetoretinal degeneration with loss of retinal vessels, and glomerulopathy resulting in death late in the first or early in the second decade of life. Absence of the cerebellar granular layer has been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by postnatal onset of severe global developmental delay, profound mental retardation, progressive microcephaly, progressive spasticity evolving into spastic quadriplegia with joint contractures, generalized seizures, and irritability. Severe choreoathetosis and dysmorphic features are absent. Brain imaging shows progressive cerebellar atrophy followed by cerebral atrophy affecting both white and gray matter, but no pontine involvement. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate to severe developmental delay/intellectual disability with absent or limited speech development, various behavioral problems (including autistic features, hyperactivity, or aggressiveness), and craniofacial anomalies such as long face, high and prominent forehead, bulbous nose with low-hanging columella, thin vermillion of the upper lip, palatal (cleft palate, high-arched palate, and bifid uvula) and dental (abnormal upper incisors) abnormalities, and micrognathia. Hypotonia and feeding difficulties are frequent. Other supportive findings may include skeletal anomalies with low bone density and abnormal brain imaging. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, borderline or mild intellectual disability, macrocephaly, and dysmorphic facial features (broad forehead, widely spaced eyes). Chiari type I malformation has also been reported in association. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, delayed bone age, short stature, generalized muscle weakness, and dysmorphic facial features (such as high arched eyebrows, downslanting palpebral fissures, prominent nose, and narrow palate and mouth). Additional reported manifestations include blue sclerae, ophthalmoplegia, and intention tremor. Brain imaging may show white matter abnormalities. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare autosomal ichthyosis syndrome with prominent neurologic signs characterized by the association of congenital ichthyosis with global developmental delay, intellectual disability, infantile-onset seizures, and spastic tetraplegia. Brain imaging may show delayed myelination and cerebral atrophy. Marked intrafamilial variability has been reported. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by variable developmental delay and intellectual disability, overweight or obesity, behavioral abnormalities (including hyperactivity, aggressive behavior, anxiety, mood disorder, or autistic features), and facial dysmorphism (such as high forehead, full eyebrows and/or synophrys, upturned nose, and fleshy ears, among others). Additional reported manifestations are hypotonia, ocular anomalies, anomalies of the fingers and toes, joint hypermobility, or abnormal pigmentation. Brain imaging may show mild nonspecific abnormalities. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, growth retardation, hypotonia, cerebellar symptoms such as ataxia, spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, and dysmorphic craniofacial features (including microcephaly, dolichocephaly, prominent ears, epicanthus, broad nasal bridge, long and flat philtrum, or small mouth). Additional reported manifestations are epilepsy, retinitis pigmentosa, and urogenital abnormalities, among others. Brain imaging may show cerebellar hypoplasia. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by craniofacial dysmorphism (including an abnormal skull shape, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, low-set ears, depressed nasal bridge, micrognathia), short stature, ectodermal anomalies (such as sparse eyebrows, eyelashes, and scalp hair, hypoplastic toenails), developmental delay, and intellectual disability. Additional features may include cerebral/cerebellar malformations and mild renal involvement. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by infantile hypotonia, congenital ophthalmic anomalies (including strabismus, esotropia, nystagmus, and central visual impairment), global developmental delay and intellectual disability, behavioral abnormalities, and movement disorder (such as dystonia, chorea, hyperkinesia, stereotypies). Mild facial dysmorphism and skeletal deformities have also been reported. EEG testing shows marked abnormalities in the absence of overt epileptic seizures. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare leukodystrophy characterized by a spectrum of progressive neurologic manifestations comprising rapidly progressive early-onset nystagmus, spastic tetraplegia, and visual and hearing impairment, resulting in death in early childhood, as well as later onset of slowly progressive complex spastic ataxia with pyramidal and cerebellar symptoms and loss of developmental milestones. Brain imaging shows diffuse hypomyelination of the subcortical and deep white matter, cerebellar atrophy, and diffuse spinal cord volume loss. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by global developmental delay, early-onset seizures, cerebellar atrophy, osteopenia, nystagmus and dysmorphic facial features, including bitemporal narrowing, prominent forehead, anteverted nares. Dysarthria, dysmetria, ataxic gait, spasticity and dysmorphic features have also been associated. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by developmental delay, speech apraxia, autism with stereotypies, intellectual disability and unspecific dysmorphic facial features. Seizures or isolated EEG abnormalities may also be associated. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by the association of developmental delay and mild chondrodysplasia with short stature and abnormal growth plate morphology. Dysmorphic facial features are variable and may include hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, broad nose with broad nasal tip, and low-set, cup-shaped ears, among others. Autism spectrum disorder and neurologic abnormalities have also been reported. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by axial hypotonia after birth, prolonged feeding difficulties, moderate to severe global developmental delay, seizures (in particular absence seizures), fetal digital pads, distinctive plantar fat pads anteromedial to the heels, and deep palmar and plantar grooves. Over time, fat pads may become less prominent and disappear. Distinct craniofacial dysmorphic features include a broad face with high forehead, high anterior hairline, narrow palpebral fissures that take on a crescent moon shape when smiling, broad nasal bridge and tip with anteverted nostrils, mild midfacial hypoplasia, long, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip vermillion, small, widely spaced teeth, and flat occiput/microcephaly/brachycephaly. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, syndromic rod-cone dystrophy disorder characterized by psychomotor developmental delay from early childhood, intellectual disability, short stature, mild facial dysmorphism (e.g. upslanted palpebral fissures, hypoplastic alae nasi, malar hypoplasia, attached earlobes), excessive dental spacing and malocclusion, juvenile cataract and ophthalmologic findings of atypical retinitis pigmentosa (i.e. salt-and-pepper retinopathy, attenuated retinal arterioles, generalized rod-cone dysfunction, mottled macula, peripapillary sparing of retinal pigment epithelium). |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic leukodystrophy characterized by developmental delay, increased muscle tone leading later to spasticity, mild ataxia, nystagmus, dysarthria, intentional tremor, and mild intellectual disability. Brain imaging reveals supratentorial and infratentorial hypomyelination. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) characterized by developmental delay, generalized epilepsy consisting of eyelid myoclonia with absences and myoclonic-atonic seizures, intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by infantile onset of global developmental delay and profound intellectual disability in association with a heterogeneous spectrum of manifestations, such as features of lower motor neuron disease, hypotonia, spasticity, contractures, seizures, respiratory insufficiency, and optic atrophy, among others. Dysmorphic craniofacial features include microcephaly, tall forehead, bitemporal narrowing, flat nasal bridge, low-set ears, and high-arched palate. Brain imaging may show cerebral and cerebellar atrophy, delayed myelination, and thin corpus callosum. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare disorder of ornithine metabolism characterized by global developmental delay, alopecia, macrocephaly, and dysmorphic facial features (including high and broad forehead, hypertelorism, ptosis, blepharophimosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, deep-set eyes, large ears, and retrognathia or high arched palate). Additional reported manifestations are sensorineural hearing loss, spasticity, hypotonia, hypoplastic nails, cryptorchidism, and clinodactyly, among others. Brain imaging may show white matter abnormalities, periventricular cysts, enlarged lateral ventricles, or prominent perivascular spaces. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, hypotonia, craniofacial dysmorphism (such as ridged metopic sutures, long palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, hypoplastic alae nasi, low-set, prominent ears, prominent midline tongue groove, and downturned mouth), congenital heart defects, and variable skeletal abnormalities including hip dysplasia, vertebral anomalies, and scoliosis. Additional reported manifestations include high pain tolerance and genitourinary anomalies. Brain imaging may show a thin corpus callosum or white matter abnormalities. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A partial monosomy of the long arm of chromosome 9 characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay with pronounced speech delay, short stature, and muscular hypotonia. Common craniofacial dysmorphic features consist of microcephaly, prominent forehead, round face, arched eyebrows, upslanting palpebral fissures, strabismus, short nose, and thin upper lip. Other clinical findings include epilepsy, ataxia, unspecific brain MRI findings, early-onset primary dystonia, nail dysplasia, and bone malformations, in particular patellar abnormalities, epistaxis, and cutaneous-mucous telangiectasias. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome 16 characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, speech delay, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, hypogonadism, and hypotonia. The behavioral profile includes impulsivity, compulsivity, stubbornness, manipulative behaviors, temper tantrums, and aggressive behaviors. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, X-linked, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic malformation-intellectual disability syndrome characterized by developmental delay, mild to moderate intellectual disability, speech disturbance, behavioral problems (such as anxiety, hyperactivity, and aggressiveness) and mild facial dysmorphism (including facial hypotonia, thin arched eyebrows, ectropion, epicanthus, malar flatness, thick vermillion of the lips and prognathia). Additional variable manifestations include short stature, skeletal and genital anomalies, seizures, and autism spectrum disorders. Brain imaging may reveal cerebellar vermis hypoplasia, thin corpus callosum, and enlarged subarachnoid spaces. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic features-intellectual disability syndrome characterized by developmental and speech delay, intellectual disability, feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, growth retardation, and associated malformations such as abnormality of fingers and toes (i.e. clinodactyly of the 5th finger, 2-3 toe syndactyly), microcephaly, heart defects, and upper airways anomalies. Observed facial dysmorphism includes hypertelorism, small, narrow or downslanting palpebral fissures, ptosis, epicanthus, ear malformations, broad nasal bridge, bulbous/prominent nose, short philtrum, thin lips, retrognathia/micrognathia, arched/cleft palate, and dental anomalies. Additional variable manifestations include hearing and visual impairment, seizures, joint anomalies, obesity, and behavioral/psychiatric disorders. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, intellectual disability malformation syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, delayed speech and language development, epilepsy, autistic behavior, and moderate facial dysmorphism (including elongated face, narrow forehead, arched eyebrows, horizontal palpebral fissures, hypertelorism, epicanthus, midface flattening, short nose, long and featureless philtrum, thin upper lip, macrostomia, and prominent chin). Additional variable manifestations include microcephaly, hypotonia, hypertrichosis, and strabismus. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare chromosomal anomaly characterized by mild intellectual disability, developmental delay, short stature, hypotonia and dysmorphic facial features. Anxiety and short attention span have also been reported. |
Is a |
True |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by intrauterine growth retardation, microcephaly, hypotonia, motor and neurodevelopmental delay, speech delay, intellectual disability, and mild dysmorphic features. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by psychomotor delay, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, failure to thrive, anomalies of the hands and feet (clinodactyly, camptodactyly, brachydactyly, feet malposition), and craniofacial dysmorphism. Associated prenatal growth retardation, and gastrointestinal, heart and eye anomalies have been reported. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic - intellectual disability syndrome characterized by feeding problems, growth retardation, microcephaly, developmental delay, digital and vertebral anomalies, joint laxity/dislocation, cardiac and renal defects, and dysmorphic facial features (including plagiocephaly, prominent forehead, bitemporal narrowing, bilateral coloboma, epicanthal folds, malformations of the outer and middle ear, wide nasal bridge, anteverted nares, prominent and bulbous nose tip, long philtrum, thin lips, high and narrow palate, micrognathia with prognathism/retrognathism, full cheeks, and short, broad neck). Additional variable manifestations include obstructive apneas, recurrent pneumonia, and seizures. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic, skeletal muscle disease with characteristics of early-onset hypotonia, muscle weakness, global developmental delay with intellectual disability and cardiomyopathy. Congenital structural heart defects and ichthyosiform cutaneous lesions have also been associated. Muscle biopsy shows characteristic enlarged mitochondria located at the periphery of muscle fibres. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder with characteristics of moderate to mostly severe intellectual disability, speech impairment with normal or mildly delayed motor development and early-onset seizures often accompanied by developmental regression. Autistic behaviour and stereotypic movements are common. The disorder is caused by bi-allelic intragenic deletions (rarely duplications) or truncating variants in the CNTNAP2 gene (7q35-q36.1). It encodes contactin-associated protein 2 (CASPR2), a transmembrane protein from the neurexin superfamily, which is involved in neural-glia interactions and clustering of potassium channels in myelinated axons. Inheritance is autosomal recessive. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare mitochondrial disease characterised by a variable phenotype comprising delayed psychomotor development or neurodevelopmental regression, hypotonia, seizures, microcephaly, optic atrophy, pyramidal signs, and peripheral neuropathy, among others. Age of onset and disease severity are also variable with some cases taking a fatal course in early infancy. Serum lactate levels may be elevated. Reported brain imaging findings include abnormal signals in the basal ganglia, cerebral and/or cerebellar atrophy, and white matter abnormalities. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| PDE4D haploinsufficiency syndrome is a rare syndromic intellectual disability characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, low body mass index, long arms, fingers and toes, prominent nose and small chin. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by developmental delay and intellectual disability, early hypotonia, constipation, feeding problems, imperforate anus, characteristic behavior (affable, eager to please), and dysmorphic craniofacial features (such as relative macrocephaly, prominent forehead with frontal hair upsweep, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, and open mouth). Additional manifestations are partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, sensorineural hearing loss, joint laxity, cardiac anomalies, and abnormalities of the fingers and toes, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare neurometabolic disorder due to serine deficiency characterized by neonatal to infantile onset of global developmental delay, postnatal microcephaly and intellectual disability, which may be associated with slowly progressive spastic tetraplegia mainly affecting the lower extremities, seizures, and brain MRI findings including thin corpus callosum, delayed myelination and cerebral atrophy. Additional symptoms include brisk deep tendon reflexes, extensor plantar responses, behavioral abnormalities (such as irritability, hyperactivity, sleep disorder), abnormal hand movements and stereotypy. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, growth retardation, hearing impairment, characteristic facial dysmorphology (including prominent supraorbital ridges, downslanting palpebral fissures, deep-set eyes, long face, sagging cheeks, anteverted nares, and pointed chin), generalized hypotonia, joint hypermobility, gluteal crease with sacral caudal remnant and sacral dimple, and variable neurological features. Various ophthalmic, cutaneous, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, and cardiovascular anomalies have also been described. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| PYCR2-related microcephaly-progressive leukoencephalopathy is a rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by progressive postnatal microcephaly, cerebral hypomyelination and severe psychomotor developmental delayed with absent speech, as well as axial hypotonia, appendicular hypertonia with hyperextensibility of the wrists and ankles, hyperreflexia, severe muscle wasting and failure to thrive. Associated craniofacial dysmorphism includes triangular facies with bitemporal narrowing, down- or upslanting palpebral fissures, malar hypoplasia, large malformed ears with overfolded helices, upturned bulbous nose, long smooth philtrum and thin vermilion borders. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| NDE1-related microhydranencephaly is a rare, hereditary syndrome with a central nervous system malformation as major feature characterized by extreme microcephaly and growth restriction, severe motor delay and mental retardation, and typical radiological findings of gross dilation of the ventricles resulting from the absence (or severe delay in the development) of cerebral hemispheres, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, cerebellum, and brainstem. Associated features are thin bones and scalp rugae. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare disorder of pentose phosphate metabolism characterized by developmental delay and intellectual disability, delayed or absent speech, short stature, and congenital heart defects (such as ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, and patent foramen ovale). Additional reported features include hypotonia, hyperactivity, stereotypic behavior, ophthalmologic abnormalities (bilateral cataract, uveitis, strabismus), hearing impairment, and variable facial dysmorphism, among others. Laboratory analysis shows elevated plasma and urinary polyols (erythritol, arabitol, and ribitol) and urinary sugar-phosphates (ribose-5-phosphate and xylulose/ribulose-5-phosphate). |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by global development delay, postnatal growth retardation leading to short stature, facial dysmorphism, short hands with tapering fingers and progressive skeletal abnormalities including kyphoscoliosis and pectus carinatum/excavatum. Intellectual disability ranges from mild to severe. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia characterized by early onset of slowly progressive cerebellar atrophy, clinically manifesting with extremity and truncal ataxia, global developmental delay, intellectual impairment, nystagmus, dysarthria, intention tremor, and pyramidal signs, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A partial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 4 characterized by complex behavioral difficulties, developmental and delay/ intellectual disability, and minor dysmorphic features, including subtle facial asymmetry (most prominent in the mandible), mild hypotelorism, long nasal bridge, small low-set ears, narrow mouth, and mild hand deformities, such as bilateral short 5th metacarpals, and short hands. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by global developmental delay and speech delay, variable degrees of intellectual disability, and dysmorphic facial features (such as frontal bossing, epicanthal folds, strabismus, depressed nasal bridge, short philtrum, auricular abnormalities, micrognathia, or crowded teeth, among others). Additional reported manifestations are behavioral problems (stereotypies, aggression, anxiety, autism spectrum disorder), skeletal anomalies (scoliosis, pectus carinatum, clinodactyly of fingers and toes, among others), and seizures. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by variable degrees of developmental delay and intellectual disability with poor or absent speech, hypotonia, hypoplastic or absent corpus callosum, and facial dysmorphism (such as long face, frontal bossing, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, and tented upper lip). Additional reported features include microcephaly, seizures, gait ataxia, scoliosis, and syndactyly of fingers, among others. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic disease characterized by microcephaly, global developmental delay, intellectual disability, abnormal muscle tone, and sensorineural hearing impairment. Additional variable manifestations include epilepsy, cortical visual impairment, gastrointestinal disturbances, growth restriction, scoliosis, as well as immunodeficiency and thrombocytopenia. Brain imaging may show cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum, and hypomyelination. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by hypotonia, global developmental delay, limited or absent speech, intellectual disability, macrocephaly, mild dysmorphic features, seizures and autism spectrum disorder. Associated ophthalmologic, heart, skeletal and central nervous system anomalies have been reported. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability characterized by mild to severe intellectual disability associated with variable features, including hypotonia, dyskinesia, spasticity, wide-based gait, microcephaly, epilepsy and behavioral problems. MRI imaging may show a corpus callosum hypoplasia or ventricular enlargement. Other variable features, such as joint hyperlaxity, skin pigmentary abnormalities, and visual impairment, have also been reported. |
Is a |
False |
Intellectual disability |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
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