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| Familial primary hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis without severe ocular involvement (FHHN) is a form of familial primary hypomagnesemia, characterized by recurrent urinary tract infections, nephrolithiasis, bilateral nephrocalcinosis, renal magnesium (Mg) wasting, hypercalciuria and kidney failure. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial progressive hyperpigmentation is a rare, genetic, skin pigmentation anomaly disorder characterized by irregular patches of hyperpigmented skin which present at birth or in early infancy and increase in size, number and confluence with age. Affected areas of the body include the face, neck, trunk and limbs, as well as the palms, soles, oral mucosa and conjunctiva. No hypopigmentation macules are observed and no systemic diseases are associated. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial progressive hyper- and hypopigmentation is a rare, genetic, skin pigmentation anomaly disorder characterized by progressive, diffuse, partly blotchy, hyperpigmented lesions that are intermixed with multiple café-au-lait spots, hypopigmented maculae and lentigines and are located on the face, neck, trunk and limbs, as well as, frequently, the palms, soles and oral mucosa. Dyspigmentation pattern can range from well isolated café-au-lait/hypopigmented patches on a background of normal-appearing skin to confetti-like or mottled appearance. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic retinal disorder characterized by bilateral iris coloboma, progressive retinal dystrophy and marked loss of vision, with or without congenital cataracts. Iridolenticular adhesions, scattered retinal pigmented epithelia mottling, and mild hypermetropic astigmatism may be associated. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial pseudohyperkalemia (FP) is an inherited, mild, non-hemolytic subtype of hereditary stomatocytosis that is associated with a temperature-dependent anomaly in red cell membrane permeability to potassium that leads to high in vitro potassium levels in samples stored below 37°C. FP is not associated with additional hematological abnormalities, although affected individuals may show some mild abnormalities like macrocytosis. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare peripheral neuropathy characterized by an acute onset of unilateral facial muscle weakness with Bell's phenomenon. It is non-progressive, resolves spontaneously, and it might be recurrent with no obvious precipitating factors. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial scaphocephaly syndrome, McGillivray type is a rare newly described craniosynostosis syndrome characterized by scaphocephaly, macrocephaly, severe maxillary retrusion, and mild intellectual disability. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare disorder with multisystemic involvement and glomerulopathy characterized by progressive steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome typically associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, as well as primary adrenal insufficiency with adrenal calcifications. Age of onset and disease course are variable, with some cases presenting as severe fetal hydrops, while most patients present in infancy or early childhood and progress to end-stage renal disease within a few years. Additional features include ichthyosis, primary hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, immunodeficiency, and neurological manifestations (such as cognitive impairment, ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, or seizures). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic coenzyme Q10 deficiency characterized by sensorineural deafness and severe, progressive nephrotic syndrome not responding to steroid treatment. Clinical manifestations include early onset proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia and edema, leading to end-stage renal disease. The renal biopsy reveals focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and diffuse mesangial sclerosis. Rarely, seizures, ataxia and dysmorphic features have been described. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial supernumerary nipple is a rare breast malformation characterized by the presence, in various members of a single family, of one or more nipple(s) and/or their related tissue, in addition to the normal bilateral chest nipples. The anomaly is usually situated along the embryonic milk line, from axillae to inguinal regions, but other locations are also possible. Association with dental abnormalities, Becker nevus, renal or underlying breast tissue malignancy and genitourinary malformations have been reported. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic epilepsy characterized by mostly benign simple or complex partial seizures with autonomic or psychic auras. Seizures occur infrequently, are of short duration and are usually well controlled with medication. Development and cognition are normal. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection is a rare genetic vascular disease characterized by the familial occurrence of thoracic aortic aneurysm, dissection or dilatation affecting one or more aortic segments (aortic root, ascending aorta, arch or descending aorta) in the absence of any other associated disease. Depending on the size, location and progression rate of dilatation/dissection, patients may be asymptomatic or may present dyspnea, cough, jaw, neck, chest or back pain, head, neck or upper limb edema, difficulty swallowing, voice hoarseness, pale skin, faint pulse and/or numbness/tingling in limbs. Patients have increased risk of presenting life threatening aortic rupture. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial thrombocytosis is a type of thrombocytosis, a sustained elevation of platelet numbers, which affects the platelet/megakaryocyte lineage and may create a tendency for thrombosis and hemorrhage but does not cause myeloproliferation. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, life-threatening, genetic coagulation disorder characterized by an increased risk of blood clot formation in several members of a family due to a thrombomodulin gene mutation. Patients may manifest with venous thromboembolic disease, premature myocardial infarction and/or arterial thrombosis. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A very rare inherited form of thyroglossal duct cyst (TDC) characterized by a mass measuring 3 cm in diameter or less in the midline area of the neck. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial thyroid dyshormonogenesis is a type of primary congenital hypothyroidism, a permanent thyroid hormone deficiency that is present from birth, which results from inborn errors of thyroid hormone synthesis. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Familial vesicoureteral reflux is a rare, non-syndromic urogenital tract malformation characterized by the familial occurrence of retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureter and sometimes the kidneys. Patients may be asymptomatic or may present with recurrent, sometimes febrile, urinary tract infections that, in case of acute pyelonephritis, may lead to serious complications (renal scarring, hypertension, renal failure). Spontaneous resolution of the disorder is possible. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Lethal ataxia with deafness and optic atrophy (also known as Arts syndrome) is characterised by intellectual deficit, early-onset hypotonia, ataxia, delayed motor development, hearing impairment and loss of vision due to optic atrophy. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare glycogen storage disease characterized by fetal or neonatal onset of severe cardiomyopathy with non-lysosomal glycogen accumulation and fatal outcome in infancy. Patients present with massive cardiomegaly, severe cardiac and respiratory complications, and failure to thrive. Non-specific facial dysmorphism, bilateral cataracts, macroglossia, hydrocephalus, enlarged kidneys, and skeletal muscle involvement have been reported in some cases. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fatal infantile cytochrome C oxidase deficiency is a very rare mitochondrial disease characterized clinically by cardioencephalomyopathy resulting in death in infancy. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fatal infantile hypertonic myofibrillar myopathy is a rare, genetic skeletal muscle disease characterized by muscle stiffness and rigidity, hypertonia, weakness, respiratory distress and normal cognition. Patients have persistently elevated creatine kinase and histopathology is typical of myofibrillar myopathy. The manifestation onset follows the short period of normal infantile development and leads to progressive respiratory insufficiency and early death. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fatal infantile lactic acidosis with methylmalonic aciduria is a rare neurometabolic disease characterized by infantile onset of severe encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis and elevated methylmalonic acid urinary excretion. Clinically it manifests with severe psychomotor delay, hypotonia, failure to thrive, feeding difficulties and dystonia. Epilepsy and multiple congenital anomalies may be associated. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 3 is an extremely rare clinically heterogeneous disorder described in about 5 patients to date. Clinical signs included hypotonia, lactic acidosis, and hepatic insufficiency, with progressive encephalomyopathy or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare neuroinflammatory disease characterized by the onset of ataxia, dysarthria and cerebral white matter changes which are triggered by viral infection. Episodic progressive neurodegeneration (manifesting with loss of motor and verbal skills, muscle weakness, further cerebral white matter degeneration and, eventually, death) is observed in the absence of hematopathology, cytokine overproduction, fever, hypertriglyceridemia, hypofibrinogenemia and hyperferritinemia. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare disorder of plasmalogen biosynthesis characterized by syndromic severe intellectual disability with congenital cataracts, early-onset epilepsy, microcephaly, global developmental delay, growth retardation and short stature, and spastic quadriparesis. Dysmorphic facial features may be present, including high-arched eyebrows, flattened nasal root, hypertelorism, and long and smooth philtrum. Rhizomelia is not part of the syndrome. Cerebellar atrophy, white matter abnormalities, and Dandy-Walker malformation have been described on brain imaging. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, potentially fatal, epileptic encephalopathy characterized by explosive-onset of recurrent multifocal and bilateral tonic-clonic seizures following an unspecific febrile illness. The syndrome develops without a clear acute structural, toxic or metabolic cause, in a patient without previous epilepsy. FIRES is a subgroup of new-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) and requires a preceding febrile infection as a mandatory feature. |
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Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare intestinal disorder characterized by the inability to control the passage of rectal contents (feces, gas) through the anus following ileal pouch-anal anastomosis surgery. Fecal incontinence is usually more frequent during the night than during daytime. The condition generally worsens over time, with a significant negative impact on the quality of life of the patient. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic female infertility characterized by oocyte maturation arrest during any of the various stages of meiosis I or II. In some patients, first polar body oocytes may be retrieved, but these either show fertilization failure or early embryonic arrest. Affected women have regular menstrual cycles. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Female infertility due to zona pellucida defect is a rare, genetic, female infertility disorder characterized by the presence of abnormal oocytes that lack a zona pellucida. Affected individuals are unable to conceive despite having normal menstrual cycles and sex hormone levels, as well as no obstructions in the fallopian tubes or defects of the uterus or adnexa. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Female restricted epilepsy with intellectual disability is a rare X-linked epilepsy syndrome characterized by febrile or afebrile seizures (mainly tonic-clonic, but also absence, myoclonic, and atonic) starting in the first years of life and, in most cases, developmental delay and intellectual disability of variable severity. Behavioral disturbances (e.g. autistic features, hyperactivity, and aggressiveness) are also frequently associated. This disease affects exclusively females, with male carriers being unaffected, despite an X-linked inheritance. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by a highly variable combination of congenital anomalies of the femur, fibula, and/or ulna, which can appear along with finger/toe anomalies at the ulnar/fibular side. Limb defects are asymmetrical, with upper limbs more often affected than lower limbs, and the right side of the body more often affected than the left. Abnormalities of the upper limb include amelia, hypoplasia of the humerus, humero-radial synostosis, and malformation of the ulna and ulnar rays. Abnormalities of the lower limb include absence of the proximal part of the femur and absence of the fibula. Axial skeleton, internal organs and intellectual function are usually normal. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare disorder of iron metabolism and transport characterized by elevated serum ferritin levels, increased serum iron, increased transferrin saturation, and heavy iron deposition in hepatocytes. Iron deposition has also been indicated in heart and bone marrow, while hematological examination of peripheral blood shows no abnormalities. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Ferro-cerebro-cutaneous syndrome is a rare, genetic, metabolic liver disease characterized by progressive neurodegeneration, cutaneous abnormalities, including varying degrees of ichthyosis or seborrheic dermatitis, and systemic iron overload. Patients manifest with infantile-onset seizures, encephalopathy, abnormal eye movements, axial hypotonia with peripheral hypertonia, brisk reflexes, cortical blindness and deafness, myoclonus and hepato/splenomegaly, as well as oral manifestations, including microdontia, widely spaced and pointed teeth with delayed eruption, and gingival overgrowth. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare disorder of iron metabolism and transport characterised by iron retention in macrophages (particularly of the liver and spleen), with a clinical picture of mild anaemia and elevated of serum ferritin levels. Ferroportin disease is distinct from haemochromatosis as it is not associated with high transferrin saturation or low hepcidin concentrations. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fetal akinesia-cerebral and retinal hemorrhage syndrome is a rare, lethal, congenital myopathy syndrome characterized by decreased fetal movements and polyhydramnios in utero and the presence of akinesia, severe hypotonia with respiratory insufficiency, absent reflexes, joint contractures, skeletal abnormalities with thin ribs and bones, intracranial and retinal hemorrhages and decreased birth weight in the neonate. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A malformation syndrome reported in offspring (children and grandchildren) of women exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) during pregnancy and is characterised by reproductive tract malformations, decreased fertility and increased risk of developing clear cell carcinoma of the vagina and cervix in young women. Reproductive malformations reported in DES syndrome include small, T-shaped uteri and other uterotubal anomalies that increase the risk of miscarriages in women and epididymal cysts, microphallus, cryptorchidism, or testicular hypoplasia in men. DES, a synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen was widely prescribed from 1940-1970 to prevent miscarriage. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Propylthiouracil embryofetopathy is a rare teratologic disease characterized by variable congenital anomalies resulting from maternal treatment and prenatal exposure to propylthiouracil. Anomalies frequently encountered include ear malformations (e.g. accessory auricle, preauricular sinus/fistula/cyst), urinary system malformations (e.g. isolated unilateral kidney, congenital hydronephrosis), gastrointestinal anomalies (e.g. congenital bands with intestinal malrotation) and cardiac defects (e.g. situs inversus dextrocardia, cardiac outflow tract defects). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fetal encasement syndrome is a rare, lethal developmental defect during embryogenesis characterized by severe fetal malformations, including craniofacial dysmorphism (abnormal cyst in the cranial region, hypoplastic eyeballs, two orifices in the nasal region separated by a nasal septum, abnormal orifice replacing the mouth), omphalocele and immotile, hypoplastic limbs encased under an abnormal, transparent, membrane-like skin. Additional features include absence of adnexal structures of the skin on the outer aspect of the limbs, as well as underdeveloped skeletal muscles and bones. Association with tetralogy of Fallot, horse-shoe kidneys and diaphragm and lung lobulation defects is reported. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fetal iodine syndrome refers to symptoms and signs that may be observed in a fetus or newborn when the mother was exposed during pregnancy to inappropriate (insufficient or excessive) amounts of iodine. Iodine deficiency is associated with goiter and hypothyroidism. When severe iodine deficiency occurs during pregnancy, it is associated with congenital hypothyroidism that is manifested by increased neonatal morbi-mortality and severe mental dysfunction, hyperactivity, attention disorders and a substantial decrease of IQ of an irreversible nature. Excessive iodine ingestion during the third trimester of pregnancy can result in hypothyroidism and fetal goiter due to a prolonged inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis, an increase in thyrotropin (TSH). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fetal parvovirus syndrome is a fetopathy likely to occur when a pregnant woman is infected by parvovirus B19. In adults, the virus causes a butterfly erythema infectiosum (also called Fifth Disease; slapped cheek disease) and flu-like symptoms with symmetric polyarthralgias, which usually do not warrant prenatal diagnosis. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare disorder related to monochorionic twin pregnancy characterized by unbalanced inter-twin blood transfusion with subsequent anemia in the donor and polycythemia in the recipient twin. Amniotic fluid abnormalities are absent. Doppler measurement of middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocities reveals significantly discordant velocities. The condition can occur spontaneously or complicate incomplete fetoscopic laser surgery. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare acquired developmental anomaly syndrome characterized by skin, neurological, ocular, limbs and growth defects secondary to maternal Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) infection. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic parenchymatous liver disease characterized by infantile or early childhood onset of recurrent episodes of acute liver failure precipitated by a febrile illness. During the life-threatening episodes, patients present with vomiting, lethargy, jaundice, as well as elevated levels of liver enzymes and coagulopathy. There is usually complete recovery between the episodes with conservative treatment. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| FGFR2-related bent bone dysplasia is a rare, genetic, lethal, primary bone dysplasia characterized by dysmorphic craniofacial features (low-set, posteriorly rotated ears, hypertelorism, megalophthalmos, flattened and hypoplastic midface, micrognathia), hypomineralization of the calvarium, craniosynostosis, hypoplastic clavicles and pubis, and bent long bones (particularly involving the femora), caused by germline mutations in the FGFR2 gene. Prematurely erupted fetal teeth, osteopenia, hirsutism, clitoromegaly, gingival hyperplasia, and hepatosplenomegaly with extramedullary hematopoiesis may also be associated. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, rhizo-mesomelic dysplasia characterised by distinct facial features (flat midface, flat small nose, anteverted nares, low set ears, protuberant eyes, and small mouth with long upper lip), markedly short limbs with relatively normal hands and feet, short ribs with broad metaphyses and small bell-shaped thorax with protuberant abdomen. Vertebral bodies are flat, creating a distinctive pinched appearance in lateral radiographic views. Cleft palate, micrognathia, bifid tongue and brachyclinodactyly with some soft tissue syndactyly have been reported in few patients. It is mostly a neonatally lethal condition. Affected individuals who survive the neonatal period present with severe global developmental delay, severe skeletal dysplasia, high myopia and mild to moderate hearing loss. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A primary glomerular disease characterized by proteinuria, type IV renal tubular acidosis, microscopic hematuria and hypertension that may lead to end-stage renal failure in the second to sixth decade of life. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare interstitial lung disease characterized by early-onset, severe, progressive lung disease manifesting by respiratory distress, neurological symptoms including axial hypotonia, developmental delay, irritability, dystonia, poor visual contact and seizures, and variable multisystemic involvement including malabsorption, progressive growth failure, recurrent infections, chronic hemolytic anemia and liver dysfunction. Kidney dysfunction, cardiac involvement including cardiomegaly and cardiac hypertrophy, decreased vision and strabismus have also been reported. Lung fibrosis may cause death in infancy from respiratory failure. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Ovarian fibrothecoma is a rare, benign, sex cord-stromal neoplasm, with a typically unilateral location in the ovary, characterized by mixed features of both fibroma and thecoma. Patients may be asymptomatic or may present with pelvic/abdominal pain and/or distension and, occasionally, with post-menopausal bleeding. Large tumors (>10cm) are often associated with pleural effusion and ascites (the Meigs syndrome triad). |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by unilateral or bilateral fibular aplasia/hypoplasia, tibial campomelia, and lower limb oligosyndactyly involving the lateral rays. Upper limb oligosyndactyly and cleft lip/palate may also be associated. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A very rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by duplication of the fibula associated with pre-axial mirror polydactyly of the foot, that may occur as an isolated malformation or be associated with other anomalies, including ulnar dimelia, facial abnormalities and sacrococcygeal teratoma. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| FBLN1-related developmental delay-central nervous system anomaly-syndactyly syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by delayed motor development, intellectual disability, dysarthria, pseudobulbar signs, cryptorchidism, and syndactyly associated with a FLBN1 gene point mutation. Macular degeneration and signs of brain atrophy and spinal cord compression have also been reported. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fibulo-ulnar hypoplasia-renal anomalies syndrome is characterized by fibulo-ulnar dysostosis with renal anomalies. It has been described in two siblings born to non-consanguinous parents. The syndrome is lethal at birth (respiratory failure). Clinical manifestations include ear and facial anomalies (including micrognathia), symmetrical shortness of long bones, fibular agenesis and hypoplastic ulna, oligosyndactyly, congenital heart defects, and cystic or hypoplastic kidney. It is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic cardiac malformation characterized by progressive myxomatous degeneration predominantly of the mitral valve (but not uncommonly with multivalvular involvement), presenting as valve thickening and dysfunction with variable stenosis, prolapse, and/or regurgitation, and potentially resulting in lethal heart failure. Hyperextensible skin and joint hypermobility have been reported in some patients. Hemizygous males display a more severe phenotype than heterozygous females. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Filippi syndrome is characterized by microcephaly, cutaneous syndactyly of the fingers and toes, intellectual deficit, growth retardation and a characteristic facies (high and broad nasal bridge, thin alae nasi, micrognathia and a high frontal hairline). So far, less than 25 cases have been reported. Cryptorchidism, polydactyly, and teeth and hair anomalies may also be present. Transmission is autosomal recessive. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by congenital cataract, sensorineural hearing loss, developmental delay with variable degrees of intellectual disability, seizures, short stature, brachycephaly, and dysmorphic facial features (such as flat facial appearance, ptosis, short nasal tip, long philtrum, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, and small mouth). Additional reported manifestations are skeletal abnormalities, nail dystrophy, mammary gland hypoplasia, and autism spectrum disorder. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by bilateral short broad thumbs, short deviated index fingers, clinodactyly of the fifth fingers, broad, valgus-deviated halluces and laterally-deviated, overlapping second toe, associated with severe pectus excavatum and craniofacial dysmorphism (including brachycephaly, low anterior hairline, flat supraorbital ridges, telecanthus, upslanting palpebral fissures, maxillary hypoplasia, posteriorly rotated ears, microsomia and micrognathia). Radiological findings include thumb, index, and middle finger hyperphalangy, with severe delta phalanxes in affected fingers and halluces. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Finnish upper limb-onset distal myopathy is a rare, genetic distal myopathy characterized by slowly progressive distal to proximal limb muscle weakness and atrophy, with characteristic early involvement of thenar and hypothenar muscles. Patients present with clumsiness of the hands and stumbling in the fourth to fifth decade of life, and later develop steppage gait and contractures of the hands. Progressive fatty degeneration affects intrinsic muscles of the hands, gluteus medium and both anterior and posterior compartment muscles of the distal lower extremities, with later involvement of forearm muscles, triceps, infraspinatus and the proximal lower limb muscles. Asymmetry of muscle involvement is common. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fish eye disease (FED) is a form of genetic LCAT (lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase) deficiency characterized clinically by corneal opacifications, and biochemically by significantly reduced HDL cholesterol and partial LCAT enzyme deficiency. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Flat face-microstomia-ear anomaly syndrome is a rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by dysmorphic facial features, including high forehead, elongated and flattened midface, arched and sparse eyebrows, short palpebral fissures, telecanthus, long nose with hypoplastic nostrils, long philtrum, high and narrow palate and microstomia with downturned corners. Ears are characteristically malformed, large, low-set and posteriorly rotated and nasal speech is associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) is a rare fibro-osseous lesion in the jaw that predominantly affects middle-aged women of African descent. It is generally asymptomatic or may manifest with pain and gingival swelling. Radiologically, it is characterized by multiple dense lobulated bone lesions, often symmetrically located in various regions of the jaw. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Focal epilepsy-intellectual disability-cerebro-cerebellar malformation is a rare, genetic neurological disorder characterized by early infantile-onset of seizures, borderline to moderate intellectual disability, cerebellar features including dysarthria and ataxia and cerebellar atrophy and cortical thickening observed on MRI imaging. Seizures are typically focal (with prominent eye blinking, facial and limb jerking), precipitated by fever and often commence with an oral sensory aura (anesthetized tongue sensation). When not properly controlled by anti-epileptic medication, weekly frequency and persistence into adult life is observed. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Focal facial dermal dysplasias (FFDD) are rare ectodermal dysplasias, characterized by congenital bitemporal (resembling forceps marks) or preauricular scar-like lesions associated with additional facial and or systematic manifestations. 4 types of FFDD are described. FFDD types II and III present with a variable facial dysmorphism including distichiasis (upper lashes) or lacking eyelashes, and upward slanting and thinned lateral eyebrows with a flattened nasal bridge and full upper lip. FFDD types I and IV are infrequently associated with extra-cutaneous anomalies. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Focal palmoplantar and gingival keratoderma is a very rare form of focal palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by painful circumscribed hyperkeratotic lesions on weight-bearing areas of soles, moderate focal hyperkeratosis of palmar pressure-related areas and an asymptomatic leukokeratosis confined to labial- and lingual- attached gingiva. Additional occasional features may include hyperhidrosis, follicular keratosis and extended oral mucosa involvement. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic, isolated palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by focal hyperkeratotic lesions affecting the pressure- and mechanical trauma-bearing areas of the palms and soles, as well as hyperkeratotic plaques involving joints, including knees, elbows, ankles and dorsa of interphalangeal joints. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare cortico-subcortical suprabulbar or pseudobulbar palsy of the lower cranial nerves, characterized by severe dysarthria and dysphagia associated with bilateral central facio-pharyngo-glosso-masticatory paralysis, with prominent automatic-voluntary dissociation in which involuntary movements of the affected muscles are preserved. |
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Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Folinic acid-responsive seizures is a very rare neonatal epileptic encephalopathy disorder characterized clinically by myoclonic and clonic, or clonic seizures associated with apnea occurring several hours to 5 days after birth and responding to folinic acid. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Follicular cholangitis and pancreatitis is a rare pancreatobiliary disease characterized by marked duct-centered lymphoid follicular inflammation that develops in both biliary and pancreatic ductal systems, mainly affecting the hilar bile ducts and the pancreatic head. Patients present with jaundice, abdominal pain, liver dysfunction, pruritus and/or weight loss. Histology shows lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with formation of numerous, large lymphoid follicles around the affected bile and pancreatic ducts. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic ocular disease characterized by congenital nystagmus (horizontal, vertical and/or torsional), foveal hypoplasia, presenile cataracts (with typical onset in the second to third decade of life), and normal irides. Corneal pannus and/or optic nerve hypoplasia may also be present. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic, eye disease characterized by foveal hypoplasia, optic nerve misrouting with an increased number of axons decussating at the optic chiasm and innervating the contralateral cortex, and posterior embryotoxon or Axenfeld anomaly (indicating anterior segment dysgenesis), in the absence of albinism. Patients present congenital nystagmus, decreased visual acuity, refractive errors and, occasionally, strabismus. Microphthalmia and retinochoroidal coloboma may also be associated. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic premature ovarian failure characterised by decreased, abnormal or loss of ovarian function prior to age 40 in women bearing a premutation in FMR1 gene. This is defined as an expansion of 55-200 CGG repeats in the 5' untranslated region of the FMR1 gene. Clinical features include irregular or absent menstrual cycles (amenorrhoea), irregular ovulation and altered hormone profile (hypooestrogenism, and elevated serum gonadotropin levels) associated to fragile X premutation. Most of the patients have fertility problems (subfertility or infertility) and undergo early menopause. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by megalocornea, multiple skeletal anomalies, characteristic facial dysmorphism (wide fontanels, prominent forehead, hypertelorism, prominent eyes, full cheeks and micrognathia) and developmental delay. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare congenital, distal arthrogryposis syndrome characterised by microstomia, whistling-face appearance, chin with V- or H- shaped crease, and prominent nasolabial folds; most patients present club foot and congenital joint contractures of the hands and feet. It is the most severe form of distal arthrogryposis. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fried syndrome is a rare X-linked mental retardation (XLMR) syndrome characterized by psychomotor delay, intellectual deficit, hydrocephalus, and mild facial anomalies. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a rare variant of lichen planopilaris characterized by symmetrical, progressive, band-like anterior hair loss of the scalp. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by variable multiple congenital craniofacial anomalies, including brachycephaly, cranium bifidum occultum, hypertelorism, midface hypoplasia, nasal hypoplasia, or cleft lip/palate, among others, as well as abnormalities of the eyes and eyelids. Encephalocele and spina bifida have also been reported in association. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic, frontonasal dysplasia characterized by coronal craniosynostosis, large skull defect with aplasia of ethmoid and nasal bones, hypertelorism, severely depressed nasal bridge and bifid nasal tip in association with total alopecia and hypogonadism. Intellectual disability is mild to moderate. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare syndromic frontonasal dysplasia characterized by distinctive facial dysmorphic features including hypertelorism, almond-shaped palpebral fissures, nasal deformity with creased ridge, depressed or absent tip, and asymmetry and partial absence of nasal bones, and downturned corners of the mouth. Additional reported manifestations are limb anomalies (e. g. Poland anomaly, transverse limb agenesis, and anomalies of the hands and feet, such as camptodactyly, oligodactyly, clinodactyly, and syndactyly), frontonasal encephalocele, choanal atresia, congenital renal/cardiac malformations, and corpus callosum agenesis. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Frontonasal dysplasia-severe microphthalmia-severe facial clefting syndrome is a rare, genetic, orofacial clefting malformation syndrome characterized by severe frontonasal dysplasia with complete cleft palate, facial cleft, extreme microphthalmia and hypertelorism, frequently associated with eyelid colobomata, sparse or absent eyelashes/eyebrows, wide nasal bridge with hypoplastic alae nasi, low-set, posteriorly rotated ears and caudal appendage in the sacral region. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare frontonasal dysplasia characterized by hypertelorism, wide nasal bridge, broad columella, widened philtrum, widely separated narrow nares, poor development of nasal tip, midline notch of the upper alveolus, columella base swellings and a low hairline. Additional features reported in some include upper eyelid ptosis and midline dermoid cysts of craniofacial structures and philtral pits or rugose folding behind the ears. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disorder characterized by severe psychomotor development delay (without development of primary motor abilities and speech) and severe intellectual disability, associated with marfanoid habitus, joint laxity, bilateral hip luxation, hypotonia, scoliosis, and characteristic facial dysmorphism (i.e. high nasal bridge, sharp nose, short philtrum, large mouth, full lips and maxillary hypoplasia). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1994. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare lysosomal storage disease characterized by widespread tissue buildup of glycolipids and oligosaccharides rich in fucose. Patients present with broad clinical characteristics such as intellectual disability, developmental delay associated with psychomotor regression and bone abnormalities, visceromegaly, hyperhidrosis, and dermatological abnormalities. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fuhrmann syndrome is mainly characterized by bowing of the femora, aplasia or hypoplasia of the fibulae and poly-, oligo-, and syndactyly. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare form of neurofibromatosis characterised by the development of multiple schwannomas (nerve sheath tumours), without involvement of the vestibular nerves, and often associated with chronic pain. Dysaesthesia and paraesthesia may also be present. Common localisations include the spine, peripheral nerves, and the cranium. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fundus albipunctatus is a rare, genetic retinal dystrophy disorder characterized by the presence of numerous small, round, yellowish-white retinal lesions that are distributed throughout the retina but spare the fovea. Patients present in childhood with non-progressive night blindness with prolonged cone and rod adaptation times. The macula may or may not be involved, which may result in a decrease of central visual acuity with age. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Fundus pulverulentus is a rare form of patterned dystrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium characterized by a granular appearance in the macula, with coarse and punctiform mottling of the retinal pigment epithelium within the macular region. Association with choroidal neovascularization has been reported. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A parasitic disease characterized by infestation of the skin with larvae of a variety of fly species. Furuncular myiasis specifically involves flies whose eggs are able to breach healthy skin, which concerns three species: Cordylobia anthropophaga (also called the African tumbu fly or Cayor worm for the larvae) and Cordylobia rodhaini (the Lund's fly), and Dermatobia hominis (the human botfly). |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by a phenotypic spectrum of mild to severe developmental delay and hypotonia, variably associated with intellectual disability, early-onset seizures, and movement disorders, such as dystonia, ataxia, chorea, and dyskinesia. Brain imaging may show delayed myelination, thin corpus callosum, or cerebral atrophy. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, language deficits, and cardiac arrhythmia (most commonly sick sinus syndrome). Additional reported features include epilepsy, hypotonia, retinal abnormalities, nystagmus, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and gastroesophageal reflux. The severity of the phenotype is highly variable. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by variable developmental delay and intellectual disability, movement disorder or gait abnormalities, and dysmorphic craniofacial features (such as facial asymmetry, broad forehead, posteriorly rotated ears, thick lower lip, micrognathia, or cleft palate). A variety of congenital malformations have been reported in addition, including ocular, renal, cardiac, and joint anomalies, among others. Some patients show behavioral alterations (autism, hyperactivity, or anxiety). |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, genetic multisystem disorder characterized by a neurodegenerative disorder associating global developmental delay, progressive microcephaly, and progressive cerebral and cerebellar atrophy with extrapyramidal involvement, progressive optic atrophy, and in many patients early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, mixed neuronal-glial tumor characterized by slow growth and irregular arrangement of neoplastic ganglion cells (large, multipolar dysplastic neurons) within stroma composed of non-neoplastic glial elements. Most commonly it occurs in temporal lobe, but it can be located throughout central nervous system. Clinical manifestations vary depending on the location and include seizures, increased intracranial pressure, cerebellar signs and focal neurologic deficits. Memory disturbances, cranial nerve palsies and psychiatric symptoms have also been reported. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| GM3 synthase deficiency is a rare congenital disorder of glycosylation due to impaired synthesis of complex ganglioside species initially characterized by irritability, poor feeding, failure to thrive and early-onset refractory epilepsy, followed by postnatal growth impairment, severe developmental delay or developmental regression, profound intellectual disability, deafness and abnormalities of skin pigmentation (mostly freckle-like hyperpigmented and depigmented macules). Visual impairment due to cortical atrophy (visible on magnetic resonance imaging), choreoathetosis and hypotonic tetraparesis usually appear gradually. Dysmorphic facial features may be associated. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic primary lymphedema characterized by lymphedema of all four limbs with age of onset ranging from birth to adulthood. Manifestations are of variable severity, and upper limb involvement may develop only later in the disease course. Recurrent episodes of cellulitis and skin infections are observed in severe cases. Varicose veins and venous incompetence have been reported in association. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) is a rare hereditary gastric cancer characterized by proximal gastric polyposis and increased risk of early-onset, intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the gastric body, with no duodenal or colorectal polyposis. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare, syndromic, hyperpigmentation of the skin characterized by multiple lentigines and café-au-lait spots associated with hiatal hernia and peptic ulcer, hypertelorism and myopia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1982. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Gemignani syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by slowly progressive ataxia, amyotrophy of the hands and distal arms, spastic paraplegia, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, hypogonadism and short stature. Additional features include generalized cerebellar atrophy and peripheral nervous system anomalies. Small cervical spinal cord, intellectual/language disability and localized vitiligo have also been reported. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1989. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Generalized basaloid follicular hamartoma syndrome is a rare, genetic skin disease characterized by multiple milium-like, comedone-like lesions and skin-colored to hyperpigmented, 1 to 2 mm-sized papules, associated with hypotrichosis and palmar/plantar pits. Lesions are usually first noticed on cheeks or neck and gradually increase in size and number to involve the scalp, face, ears, shoulders, chest, axillas, and upper arms. In severe cases, lower back, lower arms, and back of the legs can be involved. Mild hypohidrosis has also been reported. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Generalized epilepsy-paroxysmal dyskinesia syndrome is characterized by the association of paroxysmal dyskinesia and generalized epilepsy (usually absence or generalized tonic-clonic seizures) in the same individual or family. The prevalence is unknown. Analysis in one of the reported families led to the identification of a causative mutation in the KCNMA1 gene (chromosome 10q22), encoding the alpha subunit of the BK channel. Transmission is autosomal dominant. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A form of peeling skin syndrome characterized by a generalized distribution. It comprises two sub-types: the non-inflammatory (PSS type A) and the inflammatory (PSS type B) form. PSS type A is characterized by generalized white scaling with superficial non-inflammatory peeling of the skin, while PSS type B is characterized by superficial patchy peeling of the entire skin with underlying erythroderma, pruritus, and atopy. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| Genetic hyperferritinemia without iron overload is a rare biological anomaly defined as high serum ferritin levels without elevations of transferrin saturation, tissue or serum iron and characterized by an apparently asymptomatic clinical phenotype. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by early-onset severe obesity due to mutations in single genes acting on the development and function of the hypothalamus or the leptin-melanocortin pathway, leading to disruption of energy homeostasis and endocrine dysfunction. Patients present with a body mass index over three standard deviations above normal at less than five years of age, accompanied by a variety of signs and symptoms according to the mutated gene, including hyperphagia, insulin resistance, reduced basal metabolic rate, or hypogonadism, among others. |
en |
Attributed to a particular organization or group that contributes content to SNOMED CT. |
Inserm Orphanet |
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