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25723000: Dysplasia (morphologic abnormality)

Status: current, Not sufficiently defined by necessary conditions definition status (core metadata concept). Date: 31-Jan 2002. Module: SNOMED CT core

Descriptions:

Id Description Lang Type Status Case? Module
43110010 Dysplasia en Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT core
756074016 Dysplasia (morphologic abnormality) en Fully specified name Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT core
1080891000241117 dysplasie fr Synonym (core metadata concept) Active Entire term case insensitive (core metadata concept) SNOMED CT Switzerland NRC maintained Module

38 descendants. Search Descendants:

Expanded Value Set

Outbound Relationships Type Target Active Characteristic Refinability Group Values
Dysplasia Is a Growth alteration true Inferred relationship Some
Dysplasia Is a Lesion (morphologic abnormality) true Inferred relationship Some
Inbound Relationships Type Active Source Characteristic Refinability Group
syndrome de dysplasie corticale-épilepsie focale Associated morphology False Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Diaphyseal medullary stenosis with bone malignancy (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Spondylocostal dysostosis with anal atresia and genitourinary malformation syndrome (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Spondylocostal dysostosis with anal atresia and genitourinary malformation syndrome (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 4
Metaphyseal dysplasia-maxillary hypoplasia-brachydactyly syndrome is characterized by metaphyseal dysplasia associated with short stature and facial dysmorphism (a beaked nose, short philtrum, thin lips, maxillary hypoplasia, dystrophic yellowish teeth) and acral anomalies (short fifth metacarpals and/or short middle phalanges of fingers two and five). It has been described in several members spanning four generations of a French-Canadian family. The syndrome is likely to be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare malformation syndrome that is characterized by short stature, hypoplastic fifth digits with tiny dysplastic nails, facial dysmorphism with coarse features including a wide mouth and broad nose, and mild intellectual disability. It has been suggested that Coffin-Siris syndrome and BOD syndrome are perhaps allelic variants. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
Agenesis of right kidney co-occurrent with congenital dysplasia of left kidney (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Curly hair-acral keratoderma-caries syndrome is an extremely rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by premature loss of curly, brittle, dry hair, premature loss of teeth due to caries, nail dystrophy with thickening of the finger- and toenails, acral keratoderma and hypohidrosis. Additionally, sparse eyebrows and eyelashes, receding frontal hairline and flattened malar region are associated. The severity of features appears to increase with age. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
FGFR2-related bent bone dysplasia is a rare, genetic, lethal, primary bone dysplasia characterized by dysmorphic craniofacial features (low-set, posteriorly rotated ears, hypertelorism, megalophthalmos, flattened and hypoplastic midface, micrognathia), hypomineralization of the calvarium, craniosynostosis, hypoplastic clavicles and pubis, and bent long bones (particularly involving the femora), caused by germline mutations in the FGFR2 gene. Prematurely erupted fetal teeth, osteopenia, hirsutism, clitoromegaly, gingival hyperplasia, and hepatosplenomegaly with extramedullary hematopoiesis may also be associated. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Yunis-Varon dysplasia (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
McCune Albright syndrome (disorder) Associated morphology False Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
Intermandibular dysostosis Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Smith-McCort dysplasia (SMC) is a rare spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by the clinical manifestations of coarse facies, short neck, short trunk dwarfism with barrel-shaped chest and rhizomelic limb shortening, as well as specific radiological features (i.e. generalized platyspondyly with double-humped vertebral end plates and iliac crests with a lace-like appearance) and normal intelligence. The clinical and skeletal features are similar to those seen in the allelic disorder Dyggve-Melchior-Clausen syndrome but can be distinguished from this syndrome by the absence of intellectual deficiency and microcephaly in SMC. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
cheiro-spondylo-enchondromatose Associated morphology False Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Grant syndrome is a rare osteogenesis imperfecta-like disorder, described in two patients to date, characterized clinically by persistent wormian bones, blue sclera, mandibular hypoplasia, shallow glenoid fossa, and campomelia. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1986. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Tricho-retino-dento-digital syndrome is an autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia syndrome, characterized by uncombable hair syndrome, congenital hypotrichosis and dental abnormalities such as oligodontia or hyperdontia, and associated with early-onset cataract, retinal pigmentary dystrophy, and brachydactyly with brachymetacarpia. Furthermore, hyperactivity and a mild intellectual deficit have been reported in affected patients. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia Beighton type (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, Reardon type is an extremely rare type of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia described in several members of a single family to date and characterized by short stature, vertebral and femoral abnormalities, cervical instability and neurologic manifestations secondary to anomalies of the odontoid process. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Acromesomelic dysplasia Hunter-Thompson type (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare disorder of sex development affecting 46,XY individuals and characterized by complete gonadal dysgenesis (normal external female genitalia, lack of pubertal development, primary amenorrhea, and hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism) in association with severe dwarfism with generalized chondrodysplasia (bell-shaped thorax, micromelia, brachydactyly). Other reported features in the live sibling included eye anomalies (hypoplastic irides, myopia, coloboma of optic discs), dysmorphic features (deep-set eyes, upslanting palpebral fissures, puffy eyelids, large ears and mouth, mild prognathism), muscular hypoplasia, mild intellectual deficiency and severe microcephaly with cerebellar vermis hypoplasia. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Craniolenticulosutural dysplasia (CLSD), also known as Boyadjiev-Jabs syndrome, is characterized by the specific association of large and late-closing fontanels, hypertelorism, early-onset cataract and mild generalized skeletal dysplasia. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by neonatal teeth, trichodystrophy (with straw-like, discolored and fragile hair), onychodystrophy, and malformation of the hands and feet consisting of simian-like hands with transverse palmar creases and prominent interdigital folds, brachydactyly, and marked shortness of the first metacarpal and metatarsal bones with hypoplasia of the distal phalanges. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1997. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, Kohn type is characterized by short trunk dwarfism, progressive involvement of the spine and epiphyses and mild-to-moderate intellectual deficit. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genetic, syndromic retinal disorder characterized by the association of retinitis pigmentosa, hypopituitarism, nephronophthisis, and skeletal dysplasia. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Metaphyseal dysplasia, Braun-Tinschert type is characterized by metaphyseal undermodeling with broadening of the long bones and femora with an Erlenmeyer flask appearance, expansion and bowing of the radii with severe varus deformity and flat exostoses of the long bones at the metadiaphyseal junctions. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Intellectual disability-balding-patella luxation-acromicria syndrome is characterized by severe intellectual deficit, patella luxations, acromicria, hypogonadism, facial dysmorphism (including midface hypoplasia and premature frontotemporal balding). It has been described in three unrelated males. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 4
A rare form of genetic lipodystrophy, reported in 3 patients from one family to date, characterized by generalized congenital lipodystrophy, low birth weight, progressive sensorineural deafness occurring in childhood, intellectual deficit, progressive osteopenia, delayed skeletal maturation, skeletal abnormalities described as slender, undermineralized tubular bones, and dense metaphyseal striations in the distal femur, ulna and radius of older patients. Autosomal recessive inheritance has been suggested. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Teebi-Shaltout syndrome is a rare, genetic, development defect during embryogenesis malformation syndrome characterized by association of characteristic facial features (including abnormal head shape with narrow forehead, hypertelorism, telecanthus, small earlobes, broad nasal bridge and tip, underdeveloped ala nasi, small/wide mouth and high/cleft palate), ectodermal dysplasia (including oligodontia with delayed dentition, slow growing hair and reduced sweating) and skeletal abnormalities including camptodactyly and caudal appendage. Short stature and abnormal palmar creases are additional clinical features. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Teebi-Shaltout syndrome is a rare, genetic, development defect during embryogenesis malformation syndrome characterized by association of characteristic facial features (including abnormal head shape with narrow forehead, hypertelorism, telecanthus, small earlobes, broad nasal bridge and tip, underdeveloped ala nasi, small/wide mouth and high/cleft palate), ectodermal dysplasia (including oligodontia with delayed dentition, slow growing hair and reduced sweating) and skeletal abnormalities including camptodactyly and caudal appendage. Short stature and abnormal palmar creases are additional clinical features. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare syndromic cerebellar ataxia characterized by hypodontia and sparse hair in combination with cerebellar ataxia and normal intelligence. Imaging demonstrates a cerebellar atrophy. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare, genetic, syndromic dysostosis characterized by bilateral, symmetrical, preaxial brachydactyly associated with hyperphalangy, motor developmental delay and intellectual disability, growth retardation, sensorineural hearing loss, dental abnormalities (including misalignment of teeth, talon cusps, microdontia), and facial dysmorphism that includes plagiocephaly, round face, hypertelorism, malar hypoplasia, malformed ears, microstomia and micro/retrognathia. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 4
Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Sedaghatian type (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A Pierre Robin syndrome associated with bone disease characterized by severe short-limbed dwarfism, joint dislocations, club feet along with distinctive facies and radiographic findings. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by a variable combination of dental, cutaneous, ocular, and bone abnormalities, including pyramidal and fused molar roots, taurodontism, an abnormal upper lip without a cupid's bow and thickened and wide philtrum, juvenile glaucoma, syndactyly, and clinodactyly. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1973. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare a multisystem disorder characterized by spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia and disproportionate short stature, facial dysmorphism, T-cell immunodeficiency, and progressive, proteinuric steroid-resistant nephropathy. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare, severe, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by severe mandibular hypoplasia, upper limb phocomelia with oligodactyly, absent fibula, and a number of additional skeletal (hypoplastic scapula and ischii, 11 ribs, clubfeet), facial (hypertelorism, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges, wide nasal bridge, microtia with low-set ears) and variable internal organ abnormalities (including arhinencephaly, hypolobulated lungs, and congenital cardiac defects), which usually lead to perinatal death. Surviving patients show features similar to Nagel syndrome. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare, severe, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by severe mandibular hypoplasia, upper limb phocomelia with oligodactyly, absent fibula, and a number of additional skeletal (hypoplastic scapula and ischii, 11 ribs, clubfeet), facial (hypertelorism, hypoplastic supraorbital ridges, wide nasal bridge, microtia with low-set ears) and variable internal organ abnormalities (including arhinencephaly, hypolobulated lungs, and congenital cardiac defects), which usually lead to perinatal death. Surviving patients show features similar to Nagel syndrome. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Bilateral secondary renal dysplasia (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Acromicric dysplasia Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
Spondyloperipheral dysplasia (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Guttmacher syndrome is an extremely rare syndrome characterized by hypoplastic thumbs and halluces, 5th finger clinobrachydactyly, postaxial polydactyly of the hands, short or uniphalangeal 2nd toes with absent nails and hypospadias. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Hay-Wells syndrome of ectodermal dysplasia Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare autosomal dominant heart-hand syndrome that is characterized by bisymmetric brachydactyly accompanied by long thumbs, joint anomalies (restriction of motion at the shoulder and metacarpophalangeal joints) and cardiac conduction defects. Additional features include small hands and feet, clinodactyly, narrow shoulders with short clavicles, pectus excavatum and mild shortness of the limbs, cardiomegaly and murmur of pulmonic stenosis. There have been no new reports since 1981. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
Filippi syndrome is characterized by microcephaly, cutaneous syndactyly of the fingers and toes, intellectual deficit, growth retardation and a characteristic facies (high and broad nasal bridge, thin alae nasi, micrognathia and a high frontal hairline). So far, less than 25 cases have been reported. Cryptorchidism, polydactyly, and teeth and hair anomalies may also be present. Transmission is autosomal recessive. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Osteogenesis imperfecta, recessive perinatal lethal, with microcephaly AND cataracts Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
syndrome de Moynahan Associated morphology False Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Melhem-Fahl syndrome was described in two siblings born to consanguineous parents in 1985 and was characterised by the presence of 15 dorsal vertebrae and rib pairs. No other cases have been documented since the initial report. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Mild spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia with early onset osteoarthritis due to collagen type II alpha 1 mutation (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare primary bone dysplasia with decreased bone density disorder characterized by multiple doughnut-shaped hyperostotic or osteosclerotic calvarial lesions (manifesting with cranial lumps) associated with numerous pathologic fractures, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels and osteopenia. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Postaxial tetramelic oligodactyly is a rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation disorder characterized by isolated, postaxial oligodactyly in all four extremities. Patients present a consistent pattern of malformation ranging from complete absence of the 5th metacarpals, metatarsals and phalanges to complete absence of the 5th metacarpals and metatarsals, with some residual distal 5th phalanges. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1993. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Congenital dysplasia of left lobe of lung co-occurrent with congenital vascular malformation (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by the association of hypocalcified and hypoplastic tooth enamel, distal finger and toenail onycholysis with subungual hyperkeratosis, and functional hypohidrosis. Additional manifestations include seborrheic scalp dermatitis and rough, dry skin. Lacrimal punctum may be occasionally absent. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1975. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare syndromic form of lissencephaly characterized by severe microcephaly, agyria, agenesis of the corpus callosum, cerebellar hypoplasia, facial dysmorphology and epiphyseal stippling of the metacarpal bones. The syndrome may be an allelic variant of Neu-Laxova syndrome and Lissencephaly type III with cystic dilations of the cerebellum and fetal akinesia sequence. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare systemic disease characterized by congenital multiple contractures, characteristic craniofacial features (like large fontanel, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, blue sclerae, ear deformities, high palate) evident at birth or in early infancy, and characteristic cutaneous features like skin hyperextensibility, skin fragility with atrophic scars, easy bruising, and increased palmar wrinkling. Additional features include recurrent/chronic dislocations, chest and spinal deformities, peculiarly shaped fingers, colonic diverticula, pneumothorax, and urogenital and ophthalmological abnormalities, among others. Molecular testing is obligatory to confirm the diagnosis. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by the association of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia, generalized joint laxity, and dentinogenesis imperfecta. Main skeletal abnormalities comprise short stature, narrow chest, scoliosis, mesomelic limb shortening, and brachydactyly. Radiographic features include severe metaphyseal irregularities of the tubular bones, platyspondyly with coronal clefts, cone-shaped epiphyses of the hands, square iliac wings, and coxa valga. Additional extraskeletal manifestations like pulmonary hypoplasia, cystic renal disease, and non-obstructive hydrocephalus have also been reported. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Thoracolaryngopelvic dysplasia is a short-rib dysplasia characterized by thoracic dystrophy, laryngeal stenosis and a small pelvis. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Brachydactyly-short stature-retinitis pigmentosa syndrome is a rare, genetic, congenital limb malformation syndrome characterized by mild to severe short stature, brachydactyly, and retinal degeneration (usually retinitis pigmentosa), associated with variable intellectual disability, developmental delays, and craniofacial anomalies. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
CHIME syndrome is a rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by ocular colobomas, cardiac defects, ichthyosiform dermatosis, intellectual disability, conductive hearing loss and epilepsy. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
CHST3-related skeletal dysplasia is a very rare bone disorder characterized clinically by short stature of prenatal onset; dislocation of the knees, hips or elbows; club feet; limitation of range of motion of large joints; progressive kyphosis; and occasional scoliosis. In a few patients, minor heart valve dysplasia has also been described. Intellect, vision and hearing are normal. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A very rare acrofacial dysostosis characterized by short stature, acrocephaly, ocular hypertelorism, ptosis of eyelids, ocular proptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, high nasal bridge, anteverted nostrils, short philtrum, cleft palate, micrognathia, abnormal external ears, preauricular pits, mixed hearing loss, bulbous digits, metatarsus varus, pectus excavatum and various radiological abnormalities. Features of this syndrome were reported to overlap with otopalatodigital syndrome types 1 and 2. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1988. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
Odontotrichomelic syndrome (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
Chondroectodermal dysplasia Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Chondroectodermal dysplasia Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by short stature, conductive hearing loss due to bilateral auditory canal atresia, mandibular hypoplasia and multiple skeletal abnormalities, including bilateral humeral hypoplasia, humeroscapular synostosis, delayed pubis rami ossification, central dislocation of the hips, and proximal femora defects, as well as bilateral talipes equinovarus, proximally implanted thumbs and lumbar hyperlordosis. Associated craniofacial dysmorphism includes micro/scaphocephaly, malar hypoplasia, high-arched palate, and simple, dysplastic pinnae with preauricular pits/tags. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by neonatal teeth, hypo- or oligodontia of the secondary dentition, flexural acanthosis nigricans, and sparse body and scalp hair (the latter being thin and slow-growing). There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1995. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare, hereditary connective tissue disease characterized by severe ocular manifestations due to extreme corneal thinning and fragility with rupture in the absence of significant trauma, often leading to irreversible blindness. Extraocular manifestations comprise deafness, developmental hip dysplasia, and joint hypermobility. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Cleidocranial dysostosis Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 4
A rare multiple congenital anomalies-intellectual disability syndrome characterized by sensorineural hearing loss (deafness), onychodystrophy, osteodystrophy, mild to profound intellectual disability, and seizures. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Cortical dysplasia Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Cerebro-facio-thoracic dysplasia or Pascual-Castroviejo syndrome type 1 is a rare syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism, intellectual deficit and costovertebral abnormalities. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Cerebro-facio-thoracic dysplasia or Pascual-Castroviejo syndrome type 1 is a rare syndrome characterized by facial dysmorphism, intellectual deficit and costovertebral abnormalities. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
Thrombocythemia with distal limb defects is a rare, genetic syndrome with limb reduction defects characterized by thrombocytosis, unilateral transverse limb defects (ranging from absence of phalanges to absence of hand or forearm) and splenomegaly. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by congenital onychodystrophy (particularly of the distal nail) and severe hypotrichosis with alopecia involving the eyebrows, eyelashes and body hair. Scalp, beard, pubic and axillary hair is brittle and shows a twisting pattern on electron microscopy. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by congenital onychodystrophy (particularly of the distal nail) and severe hypotrichosis with alopecia involving the eyebrows, eyelashes and body hair. Scalp, beard, pubic and axillary hair is brittle and shows a twisting pattern on electron microscopy. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1991. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A lethal skeletal osteochondrodysplasia characterized by severe generalized osteosclerosis. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare, hereditary, developmental defect with connective tissue involvement characterized by cutis laxa of variable severity, in utero growth restriction, congenital hip dislocation and joint hyperlaxity, wrinkling of the skin, in particular the dorsum of hands and feet, and progeroid facial features. Hypotonia, developmental delay, and intellectual disability are common. In addition, cataracts, corneal clouding, wormian bones, lipodystrophy and osteopenia have been reported. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Schwere früh-beginnende Adipositas mit Insulin-Resistenz-Syndrom durch SH2B1-Mangel Associated morphology False Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Autosomal recessive omodysplasia (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare genodermatosis disease with great phenotypic variation and characterised most commonly by ichthyosis following the lines of Blaschko, chondrodysplasia punctata (CDP), asymmetric shortening of the limbs, cataracts and short stature. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Nail and teeth abnormalities-marginal palmoplantar keratoderma-oral hyperpigmentation syndrome is a rare genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by short stature, nail dystrophy and/or nail loss, oral mucosa and/or tongue hyperpigmentation, dentition abnormalities (delayed teeth eruption, hypodontia, enamel hypoplasia), keratoderma on the margins of the palms and soles and focal hyperkeratosis on the dorsum of the hands and feet. Additionally, dysphagia with esophageal strictures, sensorineural deafness, bronchial asthma and severe iron-deficiency anemia have been observed. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare spondylodysplastic syndrome characterized by camptodactyly, cervical platyspondyly, and variable degrees of thoracic scoliosis. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1995. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Autosomal recessive palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and congenital alopecia (PPK-CA) is a rare genetic skin disorder characterized by congenital alopecia and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. It is usually associated with cataracts, progressive sclerodactyly and pseudo-ainhum. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Isolated focal cortical dysplasia is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic cerebral malformation due to abnormal neuronal migration disorder characterized by variable-sized, focalized malformations located in any part(s) of the cerebral cortex, which manifests with drug-resistant epilepsy (usually leading to intellectual disability) and behavioral disturbances. Abnormal MRI findings (e.g. abnormal white and/or grey matter signal, blurred gray-white matter junction, localized volume loss, cortical thickening, abnormal gyral pattern, abnormal hippocampus) and variable histopathologic patterns are associated. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Mixed sclerosing bone dysplasia (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with severe proximal femoral dysplasia is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by severe, early-onset dysplasia of the proximal femurs, with almost complete absence of the secondary ossification centers and abnormal development of the femoral necks (short and broad with irregular metaphyses). It is associated with gait abnormality, mild short stature, arthralgia, joint stiffness with limited mobility of the hips and irregular acetabula, and hip and knee pain. Coxa vara and mild spinal changes are also associated. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia, with severe proximal femoral dysplasia is a rare primary bone dysplasia characterized by severe, early-onset dysplasia of the proximal femurs, with almost complete absence of the secondary ossification centers and abnormal development of the femoral necks (short and broad with irregular metaphyses). It is associated with gait abnormality, mild short stature, arthralgia, joint stiffness with limited mobility of the hips and irregular acetabula, and hip and knee pain. Coxa vara and mild spinal changes are also associated. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
Terminal osseous dysplasia-pigmentary defects syndrome is characterized by malformation of the hands and feet, pigmentary skin lesions on the face and scalp and digital fibromatosis. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
BIDS brittle hair-impaired intellect-decreased fertility-short stature syndrome Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD) is a bone dysplasia characterized by bone fragility, frequent bone fractures at a young age, cemento-osseous lesions of the jaw bones, bowing of tubular bones (tibia and fibula) and diaphyseal sclerosis of long bones associated with generalized osteopenia. GD follows an autosomal dominant mode of transmission. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia Chassaing-Lacombe type is a rare genetic bone disorder characterized by chondrodysplasia, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), hydrocephaly and facial dysmorphism in the affected males. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Internasal dysostosis Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A primary bone dysplasia, characterized by premature degenerative arthropathy of the hip. The disease presents with hip joint discomfort/pain and gait disturbances that usually develop in childhood and that progress to severe functional disability and limited mobility by early adulthood. Involvement of the vertebral bodies and other joints is minimal, height is not significantly reduced, and general health is unimpaired. Radiographically, the femoral heads are flattened and irregular and degenerative osteoarthritis develops in the hip joints, as evidenced by the presence of periarticular cysts, sclerosis, and joint space narrowing. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A primary bone dysplasia, characterized by premature degenerative arthropathy of the hip. The disease presents with hip joint discomfort/pain and gait disturbances that usually develop in childhood and that progress to severe functional disability and limited mobility by early adulthood. Involvement of the vertebral bodies and other joints is minimal, height is not significantly reduced, and general health is unimpaired. Radiographically, the femoral heads are flattened and irregular and degenerative osteoarthritis develops in the hip joints, as evidenced by the presence of periarticular cysts, sclerosis, and joint space narrowing. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
syndrome ischio-vertébral Associated morphology False Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2
A form of ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by a short stature of prenatal onset, alopecia, ichthyosis, photophobia, ectrodactyly, seizures, scoliosis, multiple contractures, fusions of various bones (particularly elbows, carpals, metacarpals, and spine), intellectual disability, and facial dysmorphism (microdolichocephaly, madarosis, large ears and long nose). ACD syndrome overlaps with ichthyosis follicularis-alopecia-photophobia syndrome. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
Hepatoportal microvascular dysplasia (disorder) Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare heart-hand syndrome that is characterized by a variety of cardiovascular anomalies including patent arterial duct, bicuspid aortic valve and pseudocoarctation of the aorta in conjunction with hand anomalies such as brachydactyly and ulnar ray derivative i.e. fifth metacarpal hypoplasia. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 1
A rare syndromic osteochondrodysplasia characterized by progressive mesomelia and bony fusions in the extremities, distinctive facial gestalt, and soft palate anomalies. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 3
A rare dysostosis syndrome characterized by abnormal fusion of the spleen with the gonad (or more rarely with remnants of the mesonephros), limb abnormalities (consisting of amelia or severe reduction defects leading to upper and/or lower rudimentary limbs) and orofacial abnormalities such as cleft palate, bifid uvula, microglossia and mandibular hypoplasia. It could also be associated with other malformations such as cryptorchidism, anal stenosis/atresia, hypoplastic lungs and cardiac malformations. Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 5
Bilateral renal dysplasia Associated morphology True Dysplasia Inferred relationship Some 2

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