Inbound Relationships |
Type |
Active |
Source |
Characteristic |
Refinability |
Group |
Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma of Thost-Unna (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Enucleation of corn |
Direct morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Inflammatory hyperkeratotic dermatosis, chronic |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
A rare punctate palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by multiple small, round to oval or rhomboid, yellowish, hyperkeratotic papules and plaques most commonly localized to the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, potentially extending to the dorsum of the hands and feet in severe cases. Histopathological analysis shows hyperkeratosis, epidermal hypertrophy, and fragmentation and rarefaction of elastic fibers. The condition can be sporadic or familial. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
A rare punctate palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by multiple small, round to oval or rhomboid, yellowish, hyperkeratotic papules and plaques most commonly localized to the palms of the hands and soles of the feet, potentially extending to the dorsum of the hands and feet in severe cases. Histopathological analysis shows hyperkeratosis, epidermal hypertrophy, and fragmentation and rarefaction of elastic fibers. The condition can be sporadic or familial. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Palmar hyperkeratosis of yaws |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Acquired plantar keratoderma (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Palmar callosity (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Enucleation of corn |
Direct morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Removal of corn sinus (procedure) |
Direct morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Keratoderma areata |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis sclerodactyly syndrome (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Keratoderma with mental retardation and spastic paraplegia |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Mutilating keratoderma |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Autosomal dominant mutilating keratoderma |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
A hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma with characteristics of the combination of bilateral mutilating transgredient palmoplantar keratoderma and periorificial keratotic plaques. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Congenital keratoderma |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Keratoderma with pachyonychia congenita |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Keratoderma punctata |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Leukoplakia of penis |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
Epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma of Vorner |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Excessive keratinized residual ridge mucosa (finding) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Keratoderma |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Minimal keratinized residual ridge mucosa (finding) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Hereditary diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Focal hyperkeratosis |
Is a |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Palmoplantar keratoderma |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Keratoderma with deafness |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis-hyperpigmentation syndrome of Cantu (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Palmar hyperkeratosis of yaws |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Plantar hyperkeratosis of yaws |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Hyperkeratosis of yaws (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Palmar callosity (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
Cole disease |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
Gonococcal keratosis |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
A rare arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) and a cutaneous phenotype, characterized by peculiar wooly hair and palmoplantar keratoderma. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
A rare genetic skin disease belonging to the Mendelian Disorders of Cornification (MeDOC) characterized by a generally mild cutaneous desquamation in association with extracutaneous manifestations as part of a syndrome. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
A rare diffuse, mutilating, hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by severe, honeycomb-pattern palmoplantar keratosis and pseudoainhum of the digits leading to autoamputation, associated with mild to moderate congenital sensorineural hearing loss. Additional features include stellate keratosis on the extensor surfaces of the fingers, feet, elbows and knees. Alopecia, onychogryphosis, nail dystrophy or clubbing, spastic paraplegia and myopathy may also be associated. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
A rare hereditary skin disease characterized by irregularly distributed epidermal papular/punctate hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles with wide variation among patients. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma, Gamborg-Nielsen type is characterized by the presence of diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma without associated symptoms. The syndrome has been described in multiple families from the northernmost county of Sweden (Norrbotten). The palmoplantar keratoderma found in the Gamborg-Nielsen type disease is milder than that found in Mal de Meleda but more severe than that found in Thost-Unna palmoplantar keratoderma. Transmission is autosomal recessive. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
A rare isolated diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by diffuse, homogeneous, mild to thick, brown-to-yellowish palmoplantar hyperkeratosis (sometimes spreading over the dorsal aspect of fingers). Skin biopsy shows non-epidermolytic changes. There are no changes in hair, teeth or nails, and no syndromic involvement of other organs. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Autosomal recessive palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and congenital alopecia (PPK-CA) is a rare genetic skin disorder characterized by congenital alopecia and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. It is usually associated with cataracts, progressive sclerodactyly and pseudo-ainhum. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
Self-healing collodion baby (SHCB) is a minor variant of autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis characterized by the presence of a collodion membrane at birth that heals within the first weeks of life. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
A variant of self-healing collodion baby (SHCB) characterized by the presence at birth of a collodion membrane only at the extremities. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
A rare genetic skin disorder characterized by absence of scalp and body hair and palmoplantar keratoderma, without other hand complications. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
A rare genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterised by woolly hair (presenting at birth), palmoplantar keratoderma (developing in the first year of life) and dilated cardiomyopathy with predominant left ventricle involvement (developing in childhood) which can lead to life-threatening heart failure in childhood or adolescence. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
8 |
Haim-Munk syndrome (HMS) is characterized by palmoplantar hyperkeratosis, severe early-onset periodontitis, onychogryposis, pes planus, arachnodactyly and acroosteolysis. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
Diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma-acrocyanosis syndrome is characterized by the association of diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma and acrocyanosis. It has been described in eight members of one family and in two sporadic cases. The mode of inheritance in the familial cases was autosomal dominant. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
A rare disorder of copper metabolism characterized by intellectual deficit, enteropathy, sensorineural hearing loss, peripheral neuropathy, lamellar and erythrodermic ichthyosis, and keratodermia. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
A rare, genetic, neurocutaneous disease characterized by severe developmental abnormalities of the nervous system and aberrant differentiation of the epidermis. Patients present with a unique constellation of clinical signs described with the acronym CEDNIK: CErebral Dysgenesis, Neuropathy, Ichthyosis, and palmoplantar Keratoderma. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
A rare autosomal recessive, isolated diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by transgressive and nonprogressive palmoplantar keratoderma resembling a mild form of mal de Meleda. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by intellectual impairment of variable severity, progressive lower limb spasticity, and diffuse palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Additional manifestations include pes cavus, extensor plantar responses, hand tremor, and mild dysmorphic facial features. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
Palmoplantar keratoderma-deafness syndrome is a keratinization disorder characterized by focal or diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma. A patchy distribution is observed with accentuation on the thenars, hypothenars and the arches of the feet. The disease becomes apparent in infancy and is associated with sensorineural hearing loss that shows a variable age of onset. Due to genetic and clinical similarities, it has been proposed that palmoplantar keratoderma-deafness syndrome, knuckle pads-leukonychia-sensorineural deafness-palmoplantar hyperkeratosis syndrome and keratoderma hereditarium mutilans may represent variants of one broad disorder of syndromic deafness with heterogeneous phenotype. The disease is transmitted in an autosomal dominant manner with incomplete penetrance. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
Palmoplantar keratoderma-XX sex reversal-predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma syndrome is characterised by sex reversal in males with a 46, XX (SRY-negative) karyotype, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and a predisposition to squamous cell carcinoma. To date, five cases (four of whom were brothers) have been described. The aetiology is unknown. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
Keratosis palmaris et plantaris-clinodactyly syndrome is characterized by the association of palmoplantar keratosis with clinodactyly of the fifth finger. Less than 20 cases have been described in the literature so far, and the majority of reported patients were of Mexican origin. Transmission is autosomal dominant. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
Callosity due to biting and/or chewing (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callosity |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callosity on toe |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callosity between toes |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callosity under metatarsal head |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Senile keratoma |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Apical callus |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Foot callus |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Prayer nodule |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Diffuse callus |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Pinch callus |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callosity on hand (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callosity resulting from occupation (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callosity due to habit tic (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callosity caused by prosthesis and/or appliance |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Plantar callosity (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Pretalar callosity (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Familial painful callosities (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Callus of heel (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Multiple sclerosis-ichthyosis-factor VIII deficiency syndrome is characterized by the association of multiple sclerosis with lamellar ichthyosis and hematological anomalies (beta thalassemia minor and a quantitative deficit of factor VIII-von Willebrand complex). Other clinical manifestations may include eye involvement (optic atrophy, diplopia), neuromuscular involvement (ataxia, pyramidal syndrome, gait disturbance) and sensory disorder. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1992. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
Callosity due to biting and/or chewing (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Onychophosis |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Hyperkeratosis of mucous membrane of mouth due to and following traumatic injury (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
Arsenical keratosis (disorder) |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Wooly hair-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome is a very rare, hereditary epidermal disorder characterized by hypotrichosis/wooly scalp hair, sparse body hair, eyelashes and eyebrows, leukonychia, and striate palmoplantar keratoderma (more severe on the soles than the palms), which progressively worsens with age. Pseudo ainhum of the fifth toes was also reported. Although wooly hair-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome shares clinical similarities with both Naxos disease and Carvajal syndrome, cardiomyopathy is notably absent. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Punctate palmoplantar keratoderma type 2 is a type of isolated, punctate, hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma characterized by multiple, asymptomatic, 1 to 2 mm-long, firm, hyperkeratotic projections (spiny keratosis) on the palms, soles and digits (typically confined to their volar and/or lateral aspects). Histopathologically, compact columnar parakeratosis over hypo- or agranular epidermis is observed. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Hypotrichosis-osteolysis-periodontitis-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome is an extremely rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by hypotrichosis universalis with mild to severe scarring alopecia, acro-osteolysis, onychogryphosis, thin and tapered fingertips, periodontitis and caries leading to premature teeth loss, linear or reticular palmoplantar keratoderma and erythematous, scaling, psoriasis-like skin lesions on arms and legs. Lingua plicata and ventricular tachycardia have also been observed. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Keratosis linearis-ichthyosis congenita-sclerosing keratoderma syndrome is an inherited epidermal disorder characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma, linear hyperkeratotic papules on the flexural side of large joints (cord-like distribution around wrists, in antecubital and popliteal folds), hyperkeratotic plaques (on neck, axillae, elbows, wrists, and knees), mild ichthyosiform scaling, and sclerotic constrictions around fingers that present flexural deformities. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Keratosis linearis-ichthyosis congenita-sclerosing keratoderma syndrome is an inherited epidermal disorder characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma, linear hyperkeratotic papules on the flexural side of large joints (cord-like distribution around wrists, in antecubital and popliteal folds), hyperkeratotic plaques (on neck, axillae, elbows, wrists, and knees), mild ichthyosiform scaling, and sclerotic constrictions around fingers that present flexural deformities. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Curly hair-acral keratoderma-caries syndrome is an extremely rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by premature loss of curly, brittle, dry hair, premature loss of teeth due to caries, nail dystrophy with thickening of the finger- and toenails, acral keratoderma and hypohidrosis. Additionally, sparse eyebrows and eyelashes, receding frontal hairline and flattened malar region are associated. The severity of features appears to increase with age. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
Ichthyosis-alopecia-eclabion-ectropion-intellectual disability syndrome is an ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by severe generalized lamellar icthyosis at birth with alopecia, eclabium, ectropion and intellectual disability. Although similar to Sjögren-Larsson syndrome, this syndrome lacks the presence of neurologic or macular changes. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1987. |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
Curly hair-acral keratoderma-caries syndrome is an extremely rare ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by premature loss of curly, brittle, dry hair, premature loss of teeth due to caries, nail dystrophy with thickening of the finger- and toenails, acral keratoderma and hypohidrosis. Additionally, sparse eyebrows and eyelashes, receding frontal hairline and flattened malar region are associated. The severity of features appears to increase with age. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Nail and teeth abnormalities-marginal palmoplantar keratoderma-oral hyperpigmentation syndrome is a rare genetic ectodermal dysplasia syndrome characterized by short stature, nail dystrophy and/or nail loss, oral mucosa and/or tongue hyperpigmentation, dentition abnormalities (delayed teeth eruption, hypodontia, enamel hypoplasia), keratoderma on the margins of the palms and soles and focal hyperkeratosis on the dorsum of the hands and feet. Additionally, dysphagia with esophageal strictures, sensorineural deafness, bronchial asthma and severe iron-deficiency anemia have been observed. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Hereditary benign acanthosis nigricans |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
Acanthosis nigricans due to type 2 diabetes mellitus |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Hereditary benign acanthosis nigricans with insulin resistance |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
Acanthosis palmaris |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Hereditary benign acanthosis nigricans |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Drug-induced acanthosis nigricans |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Acquired acanthosis nigricans |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Benign acanthosis nigricans |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Hereditary benign acanthosis nigricans with insulin resistance |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
Malignant acanthosis nigricans |
Associated morphology |
False |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
Leukoencephalopathy-palmoplantar keratoderma syndrome is a rare, genetic epidermal disease characterized by early childhood-onset of punctate palmoplantar keratoderma in association with adult-onset leukoencephalopathy manifested by progressive tetrapyramidal syndrome and cognitive deterioration. |
Associated morphology |
True |
Hyperkeratosis |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |