| Inbound Relationships |
Type |
Active |
Source |
Characteristic |
Refinability |
Group |
| A rare autosomal recessive distal myopathy characterized by slowly progressive diffuse muscle weakness in childhood, followed by predominantly distal muscle weakness in adolescence, and quadriceps muscle weakness in the fourth decade. Facial muscle weakness is commonly reported. Muscle biopsy shows fiber size variation, increased internal nuclei, fiber splitting, rimmed vacuoles, and focal endomysial fibrosis. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Global developmental delay-visual anomalies-progressive cerebellar atrophy-truncal hypotonia syndrome is a rare, genetic, neurological disorder characterized by mild to severe developmental delay and speech impairment, truncal hypotonia, abnormalities of vision (including cortical visual impairment and abnormal visual-evoked potentials), progressive brain atrophy mainly affecting the cerebellum, and shortened or atrophic corpus callosum. Other clinical findings may include increased muscle tone in the extremities, dystonic posturing, hyporeflexia, scoliosis, postnatal microcephaly and variable facial dysmorphism (e.g. deep-set eyes, gingival hyperplasia, short philtrum and retrognathia). |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic facial features (such as facial asymmetry, prominent forehead, short palpebral fissures, low nasal bridge, smooth and long philtrum, thin upper lip, and low-set, posteriorly rotated, dysplastic ears), exclusively affecting females. Additional reported manifestations include short stature, choanal atresia, scoliosis, congenital ocular, dental, cardiac, and urogenital anomalies, as well as hypotonia, seizures, and structural brain abnormalities, among others. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Recurrent metabolic encephalomyopathic crises-rhabdomyolysis-cardiac arrhythmia-intellectual disability syndrome is a rare, genetic, neurodegenerative disease characterized by episodic metabolic encephalomyopathic crises (of variable frequency and severity which are frequently precipitated by an acute illness) which manifest with profound muscle weakness, ataxia, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, rhabdomyolysis with myoglobinuria, elevated plasma creatine kinase, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, increased acylcarnitines and a disorientated or comatose state. Global developmental delay, intellectual disability and cortical, pyramidal and cerebellar signs develop with subsequent progressive neurodegeneration causing loss of expressive language and varying degrees of cerebral atrophy. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by adult onset of progressive muscle weakness and atrophy in the proximal upper and lower limbs, leading to scapular winging and loss of independent ambulation. Respiratory function may become impaired in the course of the disease. Fatty degeneration of internal regions of thigh muscles sparing external areas has been reported, as well as a reduction of alpha-dystroglycan in muscle biopsies. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Lethal hydranencephaly-diaphragmatic hernia syndrome is a rare, genetic, lethal, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by hydranencephaly and diaphragmatic hernia, as well as macrocephaly, a widely open anterior fontanel, scaphoid abdomen and hypotonia. Additionally, congenital heart defects, polyhydramnios and pulmonary hypertension have also been associated. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Lethal hydranencephaly-diaphragmatic hernia syndrome is a rare, genetic, lethal, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by hydranencephaly and diaphragmatic hernia, as well as macrocephaly, a widely open anterior fontanel, scaphoid abdomen and hypotonia. Additionally, congenital heart defects, polyhydramnios and pulmonary hypertension have also been associated. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Lethal hydranencephaly-diaphragmatic hernia syndrome is a rare, genetic, lethal, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by hydranencephaly and diaphragmatic hernia, as well as macrocephaly, a widely open anterior fontanel, scaphoid abdomen and hypotonia. Additionally, congenital heart defects, polyhydramnios and pulmonary hypertension have also been associated. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| Acquired subpulmonary stenosis associated with functionally univentricular heart |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Subpulmonary stenosis associated with functionally univentricular heart as complication of procedure (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Acquired subpulmonary stenosis due to restrictive ventricular defect associated with functionally univentricular heart |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Subaortic stenosis associated with functionally univentricular heart as complication of procedure |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Acquired subaortic stenosis associated with functionally univentricular heart (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Acquired subaortic stenosis due to restrictive ventricular septal defect associated with functionally univentricular heart |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by congenital and permanent vocal cord paralysis causing severe congenital laryngeal stridor, associated with intellectual disability in male patients. Other presenting symptoms may include weak cry, cough, cyanosis, neonatal asphyxia, feeding difficulty, aspiration, and bronchiectasis. Microcephaly, tone abnormalities, visual and hearing impairment may also be associated features. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome |
Pathological process (attribute) |
False |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| Corneal dystrophy-perceptive deafness (CDPD) or Harboyan syndrome is a degenerative corneal disorder characterized by the association of congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy with progressive, postlingual sensorineural hearing loss. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| Corneal dystrophy-perceptive deafness (CDPD) or Harboyan syndrome is a degenerative corneal disorder characterized by the association of congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy with progressive, postlingual sensorineural hearing loss. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by growth retardation, short stature, feeding difficulty and failure to thrive, cardiac anomalies (septal defects and/or valve dysplasia), joint laxity, short extremities, brachydactyly, carpal and tarsal fusion, cervical vertebral fusion, inner ear malformation with bilateral conductive hearing loss, and dysmorphic facial features (such as hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, posteriorly rotated ears, anteverted nares, and long philtrum). Additional variable manifestations include gastroesophageal reflux and genitourinary anomalies, among others. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| Phocomelia, ectrodactyly, deafness and sinus arrhythmia syndrome (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| X-linked agammaglobulinemia with growth hormone deficiency |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Palatal anomalies-widely spaced teeth-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, axial hypotonia, palate abnormalities (including cleft palate and/or high and narrow palate), dysmorphic facial features (including prominent forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, wide nasal bridge, thin lips and widely spaced teeth), and short stature. Additional manifestations may include digital anomalies (such as brachydactyly, clinodactyly, and hypoplastic toenails), a single palmar crease, lower limb hypertonia, joint hypermobility, as well as ocular and urogenital anomalies. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Palatal anomalies-widely spaced teeth-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, axial hypotonia, palate abnormalities (including cleft palate and/or high and narrow palate), dysmorphic facial features (including prominent forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, wide nasal bridge, thin lips and widely spaced teeth), and short stature. Additional manifestations may include digital anomalies (such as brachydactyly, clinodactyly, and hypoplastic toenails), a single palmar crease, lower limb hypertonia, joint hypermobility, as well as ocular and urogenital anomalies. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Palatal anomalies-widely spaced teeth-facial dysmorphism-developmental delay syndrome is a rare, genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, axial hypotonia, palate abnormalities (including cleft palate and/or high and narrow palate), dysmorphic facial features (including prominent forehead, hypertelorism, downslanting palpebral fissures, wide nasal bridge, thin lips and widely spaced teeth), and short stature. Additional manifestations may include digital anomalies (such as brachydactyly, clinodactyly, and hypoplastic toenails), a single palmar crease, lower limb hypertonia, joint hypermobility, as well as ocular and urogenital anomalies. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by postnatal tall stature with long hands and feet, scoliosis, distinctive dysmorphic facial features (prominent forehead, proptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, thin upper lip, and pointed chin), hyperelastic, thin, and fragile skin, lipodystrophy, and variable intellectual disability and neurological deterioration. Additional reported manifestations include craniosynostosis, camptodactyly, progressive flexion contractures, joint dislocation, and cerebrovascular complications, among others. Brain MRI may show extensive periventricular white matter lesions and other anomalies. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by postnatal tall stature with long hands and feet, scoliosis, distinctive dysmorphic facial features (prominent forehead, proptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, broad nasal bridge, thin upper lip, and pointed chin), hyperelastic, thin, and fragile skin, lipodystrophy, and variable intellectual disability and neurological deterioration. Additional reported manifestations include craniosynostosis, camptodactyly, progressive flexion contractures, joint dislocation, and cerebrovascular complications, among others. Brain MRI may show extensive periventricular white matter lesions and other anomalies. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 17 characterized by a combination of features of 17p11.2 microduplication syndrome and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A. Patients present with infantile onset of global developmental delay, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, and failure to thrive, as well as childhood onset of peripheral neuropathy with distal extremity weakness or atrophy, gait impairment, sensory loss, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes of the ankles, and foot deformities. Facial dysmorphism, cardiac and renal anomalies, and syringomyelia may also be observed. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 17 characterized by a combination of features of 17p11.2 microduplication syndrome and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A. Patients present with infantile onset of global developmental delay, hypotonia, feeding difficulties, and failure to thrive, as well as childhood onset of peripheral neuropathy with distal extremity weakness or atrophy, gait impairment, sensory loss, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes of the ankles, and foot deformities. Facial dysmorphism, cardiac and renal anomalies, and syringomyelia may also be observed. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| Persistent deciduous teeth (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Christianson syndrome |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare progressive muscular dystrophy characterized by an adult-onset scapulo-axio-peroneal myopathy. Clinical presentation includes shoulder girdle atrophy, scapular winging, axial muscular atrophy of postural muscles combined with a generalized hypertrophy. Typically, neck rigidity, rigid spine, Achilles tendon shortening, and respiratory insufficiency later in disease course are present. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| An X-linked syndromic intellectual disability characterized by a few months of normal development, followed by progressive neurodegenerative course with gradual loss of vision, development of spastic tetraplegia, convulsions, microcephaly, failure to thrive, and early death. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare mitochondrial disease characterized by early onset of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and variable neurologic symptoms including global developmental delay, hypotonia, intellectual disability, visual impairment, and seizures. Lactic acidosis is present in all patients. Muscle biopsy usually shows decreased activity of mitochondrial complexes I and IV. Brain imaging may reveal variable abnormal signal intensities in the thalamus, basal ganglia, and/or brain stem. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by postnatal microcephaly, hypotonia during infancy followed in most cases by progressive spasticity mainly affecting the lower limbs, and spastic diplegia or paraplegia, intellectual disability, delayed or absent speech, and dysarthria. Seizures and mildly dysmorphic features have been described in some patients. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
False |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare defect of tropomyosin characterized by decreased fetal movements and generalized muscle stiffness at birth. Additional features include joint contractures, short stature, kyphosis, dysmorphic features, temperature dysregulation, and variably severe respiratory involvement with hypoxemia. Muscle biopsy shows mild myopathic features. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| Mulberry molar teeth |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Myotonic dystrophy (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare myotonic dystrophy of juvenile or adult-onset characterized by mild and fluctuating myotonia, muscle weakness, and rarely cardiac conduction disorders. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Congenital myotonic dystrophy |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare syndromic frontonasal dysplasia characterized by distinctive facial dysmorphic features including hypertelorism, almond-shaped palpebral fissures, nasal deformity with creased ridge, depressed or absent tip, and asymmetry and partial absence of nasal bones, and downturned corners of the mouth. Additional reported manifestations are limb anomalies (e. g. Poland anomaly, transverse limb agenesis, and anomalies of the hands and feet, such as camptodactyly, oligodactyly, clinodactyly, and syndactyly), frontonasal encephalocele, choanal atresia, congenital renal/cardiac malformations, and corpus callosum agenesis. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare syndromic frontonasal dysplasia characterized by distinctive facial dysmorphic features including hypertelorism, almond-shaped palpebral fissures, nasal deformity with creased ridge, depressed or absent tip, and asymmetry and partial absence of nasal bones, and downturned corners of the mouth. Additional reported manifestations are limb anomalies (e. g. Poland anomaly, transverse limb agenesis, and anomalies of the hands and feet, such as camptodactyly, oligodactyly, clinodactyly, and syndactyly), frontonasal encephalocele, choanal atresia, congenital renal/cardiac malformations, and corpus callosum agenesis. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, intellectual disability, seizures, abnormal gait, and craniofacial dysmorphism (including coarse features, depressed nasal bridge, anteverted nares, broad nasal tip, prominent maxilla and upper lip, wide mouth, abnormal gingiva, and widely spaced teeth). Additional reported manifestations are ocular anomalies, cardiac defects, gastrointestinal problems, and autistic features. Brain imaging may show thin corpus callosum, white matter abnormalities, or dilated ventricles. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare hereditary ataxia characterized by delayed motor milestones in early infancy, hypotonia, ataxic gait, intention tremor, nystagmus, dysarthric speech, and variable learning difficulties. Neuroimaging shows a mixed picture of cerebellar hypoplasia and degeneration, with an almost absent inferior lobule and thinning of the folia of the vermis. In addition, cisterna magna and fourth ventricle are enlarged with relative sparing of the brain stem volume. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by early-onset progressive bone marrow failure with anemia, leukopenia, mild thrombopenia, and myelodysplastic features, as well as non-hematologic manifestations, such as developmental delay, cataracts, facial dysmorphism, short stature, and skeletal anomalies. Immunodeficiency primarily affects B-cells and may lead to increased susceptibility to infections. Additional reported features include dry skin and eczema, cardiac anomalies, hearing loss, and reduction of cerebral volume on brain imaging. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by the association of developmental delay, variable intellectual disability, skeletal dysplasia, and in many cases T-cell immunodeficiency and other immunologic abnormalities. Skeletal findings include short stature, anomalies of the long bones, hands and feet, and pelvis, platyspondyly, cervical malformation, and pectus excavatum. Dysmorphic facial features, such as coarse face, hypertelorism, and broad nasal tip, may be present. Additional reported manifestations are seizures, hyperreflexia, nystagmus, and muscular hypotonia, as well as multiple liver cysts. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, inherited, epidermolysis bullosa characterized by aplasia cutis congenita on the extremities, leaving behind hypopigmentation and atrophy in a whirled pattern. Generalized blistering persists during childhood and heals with cutaneous and follicular atrophy, linear and stellate scars, and hypopigmentation. Skin fragility decreases with adulthood. Adult patients exhibit dyspigmentation and atrophy of the skin, scars, follicular atrophoderma, sparse body hair, progressive diffuse alopecia of the scalp, diffuse palmoplantar keratoderma, and nail changes. Dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure complicates the disease course in young adulthood or later and may have lethal outcome. Ultra-structurally, intraepidermal splitting appears at the level of the basal keratinocytes, above the hemidesmosomes. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by the presence of multiple café-au-lait macules and elevated rates of sister chromatid exchange demonstrated on cytogenetic testing. Pre- and postnatal growth deficiency with short stature, microcephaly, mild developmental delay, cardiomyopathy, and symptomatic gastro-esophageal reflux have also been described, while malar rash is typically absent. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare ciliopathy characterized by oral anomalies (multiple oral frenula, missing incisors), facial dysmorphism (such as square face with small forehead, upslanting palpebral fissures, and cleft lip, among other features), digital anomalies (brachydactyly, brachymesophalangy, polydactyly), and short stature. Additional reported manifestations include short femoral neck, bilateral cervical ribs, abnormal vertebral bodies, and gracile long bones. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare ciliopathy characterized by oral anomalies (multiple oral frenula, missing incisors), facial dysmorphism (such as square face with small forehead, upslanting palpebral fissures, and cleft lip, among other features), digital anomalies (brachydactyly, brachymesophalangy, polydactyly), and short stature. Additional reported manifestations include short femoral neck, bilateral cervical ribs, abnormal vertebral bodies, and gracile long bones. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare ciliopathy characterized by oral anomalies (multiple oral frenula, missing incisors), facial dysmorphism (such as square face with small forehead, upslanting palpebral fissures, and cleft lip, among other features), digital anomalies (brachydactyly, brachymesophalangy, polydactyly), and short stature. Additional reported manifestations include short femoral neck, bilateral cervical ribs, abnormal vertebral bodies, and gracile long bones. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare ciliopathy characterized by oral anomalies (multiple oral frenula, missing incisors), facial dysmorphism (such as square face with small forehead, upslanting palpebral fissures, and cleft lip, among other features), digital anomalies (brachydactyly, brachymesophalangy, polydactyly), and short stature. Additional reported manifestations include short femoral neck, bilateral cervical ribs, abnormal vertebral bodies, and gracile long bones. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| A rare ciliopathy characterized by oral anomalies (multiple oral frenula, missing incisors), facial dysmorphism (such as square face with small forehead, upslanting palpebral fissures, and cleft lip, among other features), digital anomalies (brachydactyly, brachymesophalangy, polydactyly), and short stature. Additional reported manifestations include short femoral neck, bilateral cervical ribs, abnormal vertebral bodies, and gracile long bones. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| Kallmann syndrome with cardiopathy is characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism associated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency, anosmia or hyposmia (with hypoplasia or aplasia of the olfactory bulbs) and complex congenital cardiac malformations (double-outlet right ventricle, dilated cardiomyopathy, right aortic arch). It represents a distinct clinical entity from Kallmann syndrome. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| Stafne idiopathic bone cavity of mandible |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome characterized by growth retardation, alopecia, pseudoanodontia and ocular manifestations. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| Dacryocystitis and osteopoikilosis syndrome (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| Ectodermal dysplasia, trichoodontoonychial type is a form of ectodermal dysplasia with hair, teeth and nail involvement characterized predominantly by hypodontia, hypotrichosis, delayed hair growth and brittle nails. Additionally, focal dermal hypoplasia, irregular hyperpigmentation, hypoplastic or absent nipples, amastia, hearing impairment, congenital hip dislocation and asthma have been associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1996. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
5 |
| A rare pervasive developmental disorder characterized by microcephaly, profound developmental delay, intellectual disability, bilateral cataracts, severe epilepsy including infantile spasms, hypotonia, irritability, feeding difficulties leading to failure to thrive, and stereotypic hand movements. The disease manifests in infancy. Brain imaging reveals delay in myelination and cerebral atrophy. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with variable intellectual disability characterized by abnormal head shape/metopic ridging and facial dysmorphism (which may include arched eyebrows, ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, and short upturned nose). Many patients present variable global developmental delay and/or autism spectrum disorder. Additional reported features are cardiac, skeletal, or urogenital anomalies. Brain imaging may show agenesis of the corpus callosum. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with variable intellectual disability characterized by abnormal head shape/metopic ridging and facial dysmorphism (which may include arched eyebrows, ptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, and short upturned nose). Many patients present variable global developmental delay and/or autism spectrum disorder. Additional reported features are cardiac, skeletal, or urogenital anomalies. Brain imaging may show agenesis of the corpus callosum. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare subtype of autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy characterized by atrioventricular block resulting in repeated syncope episodes, elevated creatine kinase serum levels and adult-onset of slowly progressive proximal limb skeletal muscle weakness and atrophy. Muscular dystrophic changes observed in muscle biopsy include diameter variability, increased central nuclei, and presence of necrotic and regenerating fibers. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic eye disease characterized by microcornea, coloboma of the iris and the optic disc, axial enlargement of the globe, staphyloma, and severe myopia. Additional manifestations are mild cornea plana, iridocorneal angle abnormalities with elevation of intraocular pressure, and shallow anterior chamber depth. Variable expressivity of the phenotype has been described, including unilateral or bilateral involvement, or variable extent of coloboma, among other features. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic eye disease characterized by microcornea, coloboma of the iris and the optic disc, axial enlargement of the globe, staphyloma, and severe myopia. Additional manifestations are mild cornea plana, iridocorneal angle abnormalities with elevation of intraocular pressure, and shallow anterior chamber depth. Variable expressivity of the phenotype has been described, including unilateral or bilateral involvement, or variable extent of coloboma, among other features. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare genetic eye disease characterized by microcornea, coloboma of the iris and the optic disc, axial enlargement of the globe, staphyloma, and severe myopia. Additional manifestations are mild cornea plana, iridocorneal angle abnormalities with elevation of intraocular pressure, and shallow anterior chamber depth. Variable expressivity of the phenotype has been described, including unilateral or bilateral involvement, or variable extent of coloboma, among other features. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic eye disease characterized by microcornea, coloboma of the iris and the optic disc, axial enlargement of the globe, staphyloma, and severe myopia. Additional manifestations are mild cornea plana, iridocorneal angle abnormalities with elevation of intraocular pressure, and shallow anterior chamber depth. Variable expressivity of the phenotype has been described, including unilateral or bilateral involvement, or variable extent of coloboma, among other features. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
4 |
| LIMS2-related limb girdle muscular dystrophy |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Familial patent arterial duct is a rare, genetic, non-syndromic, congenital anomaly of the great arteries characterized by the presence of an isolated patent arterial duct (PDA) (i.e. failure of closure of ductus arteriosis after birth) in several members of the same family. Clinical presentation is similar to the sporadic form and may range from neonatal-onset tachypnea, diaphoresis and failure to thrive to adult-onset atrial arrhythmia, signs and symptoms of heart failure and cyanosis limited to the lower extremities. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| NEK9-related lethal skeletal dysplasia is a rare, lethal, primary bone dysplasia characterized by fetal akinesia, multiple contractures, shortening of all long bones, short, broad ribs, narrow chest and thorax, pulmonary hypoplasia and a protruding abdomen. Short, bowed femurs may also be associated. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| NEK9-related lethal skeletal dysplasia is a rare, lethal, primary bone dysplasia characterized by fetal akinesia, multiple contractures, shortening of all long bones, short, broad ribs, narrow chest and thorax, pulmonary hypoplasia and a protruding abdomen. Short, bowed femurs may also be associated. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare genetic syndromic intellectual disability characterized by microcephaly, global developmental delay, mild to severe intellectual disability, impairment of speech, feeding problems, behavior problems (often autism spectrum disorder) and dysmorphic facial features (such as prominent ears, deep-set eyes, a short nose with a broad nasal tip, and retrognathia with a broad chin). Other, more variable manifestations include seizures, short stature, ocular anomalies, cardiac anomalies, urogenital anomalies and musculoskeletal defects. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare, genetic, multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by moderate to severe intellectual disability, developmental delay, macrocephaly, speech delay, and hypotonia. Dysmorphic facial features include a high, broad, and/or prominent forehead, laterally sparse eyebrows, widely spaced and deeply-set eyes, narrow palpebral fissures, low-set ears, full/prominent cheeks, midface hypoplasia, thin upper lip, and a pointed chin. Additional variable manifestations include joint laxity, abnormality of vision (including hypermetropia, strabismus, and cerebral visual impairment), genital abnormalities in males, and inguinal, umbilical, or hiatal hernia. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Diffuse pulmonary lymphangiomatosis (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Lethal occipital encephalocele-skeletal dysplasia syndrome is a rare, genetic, bone development disorder characterized by occipital and parietal bone hypoplasia leading to occipital encephalocele, calvarial mineralization defects, craniosynostosis, radiohumeral fusions, oligodactyly and other skeletal anomalies (arachnodactyly, terminal phalangeal aplasia of the thumbs, bilateral absence of the great toes, pronounced bilateral angulation of femora, shortened limbs, advanced osseous maturation). Fetal death in utero is associated. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
6 |
| A rare syndromic mitochondrial disease characterized by exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, dyserythropoietic anemia, and calvarial hyperostosis. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
7 |
| albinisme oculaire avec surdité neurosensorielle congénitale |
Pathological process (attribute) |
False |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare otorhinolaryngological malformation characterised by a hypoplastic or absent cochlear nerve, resulting in variable hearing loss or total deafness, depending on the quantity of nerve fibres present. The condition can be unilateral or bilateral, occur as an isolated malformation or in the context of a complex syndrome, and may be associated with a hypoplastic internal auditory or cochlear nerve canal. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic cardiac malformation characterized by progressive myxomatous degeneration predominantly of the mitral valve (but not uncommonly with multivalvular involvement), presenting as valve thickening and dysfunction with variable stenosis, prolapse, and/or regurgitation, and potentially resulting in lethal heart failure. Hyperextensible skin and joint hypermobility have been reported in some patients. Hemizygous males display a more severe phenotype than heterozygous females. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by intellectual disability, developmental delay, language deficits, and cardiac arrhythmia (most commonly sick sinus syndrome). Additional reported features include epilepsy, hypotonia, retinal abnormalities, nystagmus, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, and gastroesophageal reflux. The severity of the phenotype is highly variable. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare, genetic, syndromic intellectual disability disease characterized by severe intrauterine and post-natal growth delay, moderate to severe intellectual disability, and neonatal-onset hepatopathy with fibrosis, steatosis, and/or cholestasis, occasionally leading to liver failure. Additional variable manifestations include muscular hypotonia, zinc deficiency, recurrent infections, diabetes mellitus, joint contractures, skin and joint laxity, hypervitaminosis D, and sensorineural hearing loss. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by infantile onset of severe inflammatory bowel disease manifesting with bloody diarrhea and failure to thrive, and central nervous system disease with global developmental delay and regression, impaired speech, hypotonia, hyperreflexia, and epilepsy. Brain imaging shows global cerebral atrophy, thin corpus callosum, delayed myelination, and posterior leukoencephalopathy. Cases with recurrent infections and impaired T-cell responses to stimulation, as well as decreased T-cell subsets, have been reported. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by intrauterine and postnatal growth restriction, global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic facial features (such as broad nasal root, anteverted nares, long philtrum, low-set and posteriorly rotated ears, and short neck). Additional reported manifestations are microcephaly, short stature, vertebral abnormalities, joint laxity, ocular, cardiac, and renal defects, and minor limb anomalies. Brain imaging may show hypoplastic corpus callosum, delayed myelination, and cerebral atrophy. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by variable developmental delay and intellectual disability, movement disorder or gait abnormalities, and dysmorphic craniofacial features (such as facial asymmetry, broad forehead, posteriorly rotated ears, thick lower lip, micrognathia, or cleft palate). A variety of congenital malformations have been reported in addition, including ocular, renal, cardiac, and joint anomalies, among others. Some patients show behavioral alterations (autism, hyperactivity, or anxiety). |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic neurological disorder characterized by progressive spastic paraparesis and delayed gross motor development with an onset in infancy or early childhood. Patients also show variable degrees of intellectual disability, speech delay, and dysarthria. Other reported features include microcephaly, seizures, bifid uvula with or without cleft palate, and ocular anomalies. Brain imaging shows white matter abnormalities in the periventricular and other regions. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Developmental academic disorder due to iodine deficiency |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Developmental academic disorder due to iron deficiency (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Developmental academic disorder due to deficiency of micronutrients (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| Developmental academic disorder due to nutritional stunting (disorder) |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic intellectual disability characterised by the association of intellectual disability with variable other anomalies in the absence of a well-characterised syndrome. Associated abnormalities may include facial dysmorphism, neurological signs and symptoms, behavioural problems, and abnormalities of various other organ systems. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome without intellectual disability characterized by unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate and craniofacial dysmorphism (including frontal bossing, hypertelorism, broad flat nasal bridge, cupped ears/thickened helices, and micrognathia). Additional manifestations are variable congenital cardiac anomalies, pectus excavatum, abnormalities of the hands and feet, ocular abnormalities (myopia, cataract, staphyloma), and conductive or sensorineural hearing loss. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome without intellectual disability characterized by unilateral or bilateral cleft lip and palate and craniofacial dysmorphism (including frontal bossing, hypertelorism, broad flat nasal bridge, cupped ears/thickened helices, and micrognathia). Additional manifestations are variable congenital cardiac anomalies, pectus excavatum, abnormalities of the hands and feet, ocular abnormalities (myopia, cataract, staphyloma), and conductive or sensorineural hearing loss. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare disorder with multisystemic involvement and glomerulopathy characterized by progressive steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome typically associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, as well as primary adrenal insufficiency with adrenal calcifications. Age of onset and disease course are variable, with some cases presenting as severe fetal hydrops, while most patients present in infancy or early childhood and progress to end-stage renal disease within a few years. Additional features include ichthyosis, primary hypothyroidism, hypogonadism, immunodeficiency, and neurological manifestations (such as cognitive impairment, ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, or seizures). |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, variable degrees of intellectual disability, and facial dysmorphism (including high nasal bridge, deep-set eyes, and wide mouth), often associated with feeding difficulties and/or gastroesophageal reflux. Additional reported manifestations are seizures, hypotonia, autistic features, and joint laxity. Brain imaging may show non-specific features (such as cerebral atrophy). |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by variable developmental delay, intellectual disability, early-onset seizures, and facial dysmorphism (including arched eyebrows, long palpebral fissures, prominent nasal bridge, large ears, thin upper lip, and high arched palate). Other reported features are microcephaly, hypotonia, growth retardation, congenital heart defects, and malformations of the fingers and toes, as well as additional neurologic manifestations (such as ataxia or spastic quadriplegia). Brain imaging may show hypoplastic corpus callosum, white matter abnormalities, or cortical atrophy. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by early-onset respiratory difficulties and frequent respiratory infections, congenital heart defects, dysostosis multiplex, hepatosplenomegaly, renal involvement, hematopoietic abnormalities, facial dysmorphism (coarse facial features, large forehead, synophrys, long eyelashes, broad nasal bridge, macroglossia, short neck, and low hairline), and global developmental delay. Laboratory examination shows increased urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans and increased plasma heparan sulfate, but no lysosomal enzyme deficiency. The disease is usually fatal in the first years of life. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by early-onset respiratory difficulties and frequent respiratory infections, congenital heart defects, dysostosis multiplex, hepatosplenomegaly, renal involvement, hematopoietic abnormalities, facial dysmorphism (coarse facial features, large forehead, synophrys, long eyelashes, broad nasal bridge, macroglossia, short neck, and low hairline), and global developmental delay. Laboratory examination shows increased urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans and increased plasma heparan sulfate, but no lysosomal enzyme deficiency. The disease is usually fatal in the first years of life. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare genetic disease characterized by early-onset respiratory difficulties and frequent respiratory infections, congenital heart defects, dysostosis multiplex, hepatosplenomegaly, renal involvement, hematopoietic abnormalities, facial dysmorphism (coarse facial features, large forehead, synophrys, long eyelashes, broad nasal bridge, macroglossia, short neck, and low hairline), and global developmental delay. Laboratory examination shows increased urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans and increased plasma heparan sulfate, but no lysosomal enzyme deficiency. The disease is usually fatal in the first years of life. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by mild global developmental delay, intellectual disability or learning difficulties, behavioral problems (like autistic, hyperactive, or aggressive behavior), variable dysmorphic craniofacial features, and abnormalities of the fingers (brachydactyly, tapering fingers, prominent interphalangeal joints). Additional manifestations are highly variable and include recurrent infections and skeletal anomalies, among others. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with intellectual disability characterized by mild global developmental delay, intellectual disability or learning difficulties, behavioral problems (like autistic, hyperactive, or aggressive behavior), variable dysmorphic craniofacial features, and abnormalities of the fingers (brachydactyly, tapering fingers, prominent interphalangeal joints). Additional manifestations are highly variable and include recurrent infections and skeletal anomalies, among others. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
2 |
| A rare genetic syndrome with limb malformations as a major feature characterized by preaxial polydactyly of the hands and feet with variable phenotypic expressivity in combination with hypertrichosis extending from the posterior hairline to the middle of the back. Reported limb malformations include triphalangeal thumbs, duplicated thumbs, preaxial extra ray, and syndactyly between digits I and II in the hands, and large or duplicated hallux and syndactyly between toes I and II in the feet. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
| A rare genetic syndrome with limb malformations as a major feature characterized by preaxial polydactyly of the hands and feet with variable phenotypic expressivity in combination with hypertrichosis extending from the posterior hairline to the middle of the back. Reported limb malformations include triphalangeal thumbs, duplicated thumbs, preaxial extra ray, and syndactyly between digits I and II in the hands, and large or duplicated hallux and syndactyly between toes I and II in the feet. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
3 |
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies syndrome usually characterized by microcephaly, ocular anomalies such as microphthalmia, and apple-peel intestinal atresia. Facial dysmorphism is reported in some cases and may include narrow or sloped forehead, hypertelorism, microphthalmia, dysplastic, edematous deep-set eyes, short palpebral fissures, large or low set ears, broad nasal root, anteverted or broad nasal tip, long philtrum, micrognathia, thin upper vermillion, large mouth and skin tag on the cheek. Motor delay and intellectual disability have been reported. Heart, brain, craniofacial abnormalities, renal hypoplasia and other anomalies (e.g. lower limb edema, thrombocytopenia) are variably present. Rarely, cases without intestinal atresia, microcephaly or developmental delay can be found. Severe lethal cases have also been reported. |
Pathological process (attribute) |
True |
Pathological developmental process |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
1 |
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