| Inbound Relationships |
Type |
Active |
Source |
Characteristic |
Refinability |
Group |
| A rare genetic syndrome with characteristics of developmental delay and mild to moderate intellectual disability. Verbal language acquisition is usually delayed, with restricted language. The congenital heart defects are present in 41% of individuals, the most frequent being interatrial communication and interventricular communication. The syndrome is caused by heterozygous, usually de novo pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the CDK13 gene (7p14.1), coding for a protein which regulates transcription. Transmission is autosomal dominant however, in most situations, the pathogenic variants arise de novo, and thus, the risk of sibling recurrence is low. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by a variable phenotype including macrocephaly, postnatal overgrowth, advanced carpal ossification, obesity, speech delay, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders, and behavioral difficulties with aggressive outbursts, and variable facial dysmorphism. Seizures, structural abnormalities of the brain, as well as a variety of other manifestations such as recurrent otitis media, joint hypermobility, hirsutism, or nevi have also been reported. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of microcephaly, severe global developmental delay and intellectual disability, hypotonia, respiratory insufficiency, failure to thrive, and congenital anomalies affecting the skeleton, eyes, and several organ systems. Seizures and hearing loss are sometimes observed. Independent ambulation and meaningful speech are not attained. Common dysmorphic facial features include small forehead, biparietal narrowing, flat face, hypertelorism, arched eyebrows, short, upslanting palpebral fissures, wide nasal bridge, small, upturned nose, forward facing ears, and micrognathia. Brain imaging shows structural abnormalities in all patients. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic neurometabolic disease characterised by microcephaly, short stature, epilepsy, cerebral hypomyelination, severe global developmental delay, and progressive spasticity. Macrocytic anaemia and hyperthermia have also been reported in association. Brain imaging reveals delayed myelination with minimal progression over time, mild cerebellar atrophy and/or thin corpus callosum. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia with characteristics of infantile onset of severe global developmental delay with absent speech, hypotonia, feeding problems, dysmorphic craniofacial features, and development of pontocerebellar hypoplasia on brain imaging later in childhood. Other structural abnormalities of the brain, which may already be apparent at an earlier stage, include small hippocampus, thin corpus callosum, periventricular white matter abnormalities, and Dandy-Walker malformation. Seizures, nystagmus, and cortical visual impairment have been reported in some cases. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare developmental defect during embryogenesis with characteristics of the presence of major features of both blepharophimosis-intellectual disability syndrome and genitopatellar syndrome. These major features may include blepharophimosis, ptosis, hypomimia, skeletal features like patellar a/hypoplasia and renal and/or genital malformations. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic, multiple congenital anomalies syndrome with characteristics of the overlap of several typical clinical features of Bohring-Opitz syndrome and of Crisponi Syndrome/cold-induced sweating syndrome. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Kelch like family member 7-related Crisponi/cold-induced sweating-like syndrome (disorder) |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare syndromic optic nerve hypoplasia with characteristics of coloboma, osteopetrosis (particularly of the anterior ribs and femoral heads), severe microphthalmia, macrocephaly, albinism, and profound congenital deafness. Patients may also have additional eye anomalies including microcornea with pannus, dense bilateral cataracts, and translucent irides. Craniofacial dysmorphism (including frontal bossing, shallow orbits, preauricular pits, posteriorly rotated ears, micrognathia and wide palatine ridges) is also reported. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of complex heart defects (including hypoplastic left heart, aortic valve atresia, mitral valve atresia, tubular hypoplasia of the ascending aorta, Scimitar syndrome), external urogenital abnormalities (including ambiguous external genitalia, poorly defined urethral meatus, blind-ending vagina in females or bifid scrotum, penoscrotal hypospadias with micropenis and cryptorchidism in males). Congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary hypoplasia and intestinal malrotation are other major clinical features. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by central nervous system abnormalities (particularly cerebellar hypoplasia), congenital microcephaly, intellectual disability, severe neurodevelopmental delay, growth impairment, dystonia, eye abnormalities (particularly cataract whereas retinal dystrophy and Leber congenital amaurosis are also reported) and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia. Additional clinical features may include other structural brain abnormalities (such as cerebral atrophy, basal ganglia atrophy, brainstem hypoplasia), feeding difficulties, sleep disturbances, hepatomegaly, and sensorineural deafness. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of developmental delay, speech delay and variable degree of intellectual disability (mostly mid-to-moderate but some patients may also have normal intelligence) due to CHD4 gene mutations. Even though clinical manifestations are significantly variable among patients, most patients manifest dysmorphic facial features (could sometimes include macrocephaly), congenital heart defects, hypotonia and ophthalmologic abnormalities. Other clinical features may include brain structure anomalies, skeletal anomalies, hearing impairment and gonadal abnormalities. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare genetic multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome with characteristics of congenital heart defect (including atrial or ventricular septal defects and aortic coarctation), cleft palate, and variable degree of developmental delay and intellectual disability. Most patients reported to also have autism spectrum disorder. Overlapping facial features were reported in some patients including broad forehead with high anterior hairline, finely arched eyebrows, short philtrum, thin or tented upper lip. Other clinical features may involve mild distal skeletal abnormalities, hypotonia, hearing loss, feeding problems and skin abnormalities. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Posterior fossa brain malformation, hemangioma, arterial anomaly, cardiac defect and aortic coarctation, and eye abnormality syndrome (disorder) |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterised by mild to severe intellectual disability and/or developmental delay, speech delay, behavioural problems (attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, autism and anxiety disorders, outgoing hyper-social personality), periods of fever and cyclic vomiting. Most patients manifest additional clinical features, including gastrointestinal symptoms (poor feeding and constipation), facial dysmorphism (broad forehead, low-set posteriorly rotated ears, upturned nose and broad mouth with thin upper lip), small hands and feet often with brachydactyly, short stature, high pain threshold and/or hypersensitivity to sound, hypotonia and broad-based gait. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterised by developmental delay, intellectual disability (ranging from mild to severe), speech delay or speech disorder and cupped and/or low-set ears. Patients may also have brain abnormalities, hypotonia, drooling and vision problems. Seizures and sleep disturbance were reported for some patients. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by severe intellectual disability, global developmental delay with no speech (some patients may have limited speech), inability or difficulty to walk, microcephaly, and early-onset cataract. Additional clinical features may include hypotonia, spasticity, endocrine/metabolic diseases and immunodeficiency with lymphopenia. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Loeys-Dietz syndrome (disorder) |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterised by eye abnormalities (including unilateral/bilateral microphthalmia, coloboma, unilateral ptosis and lens opacity) in addition to failure to thrive, renal anomalies (mainly horseshoe kidney, however ureteral-pelvic junction dysfunction and vesicoureteral reflux were also reported), imperforate anus and global developmental delay. Majority of the patients also present with hearing impairment, cardiac anomalies and dysmorphic features (triangular face, hypoplastic alae nasi, beaked nose, and small pointed chin). |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare primary bone dysplasia characterised by severe spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia, sensorineural hearing loss, intellectual disability and Leber congenital amaurosis. Brain anomalies (including delayed myelinisation, white matter hyperintensity, hypomyelinating leucoencephalopathy, cerebral and cerebellar hypoplasia/atrophy), hypotonia, ataxia, dysmorphic facial features (including deep nasal bridge and large mouth) and irregular dentition were also reported. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by global developmental delay, moderate to severe intellectual disability, language delay and asymptomatic persistence of fetal hemoglobin. Joint laxity and microcephaly are commonly observed. Majority of the patients present with variable dysmorphic features (including strabismus, downslanting palpebral fissures, anteverted nose with small nares and full tip, external ear anomalies, thin upper lip and everted lower lip). Behavior problems including anxiety, recurrent hand flapping/biting and attention deficit can also be observed. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| A rare multiple congenital anomalies/dysmorphic syndrome characterized by pontocerebellar hypoplasia, hypotonia and respiratory insufficiency. Cardiac anomalies (particularly hypertrophic cardiomyopathy), eye manifestations (congenital cataracts, corneal clouding), seizures and facial dysmorphism (including microcephaly, bitemporal narrowing, absence of eyelashes, short palpebral fissures, small and low-set ears, anteverted nares, microstomia, and micrognathia) are present in the majority of the patients. Additional findings such as hepatosplenomegaly, edema, micropenis/cryptorchidism, hypoglycemia, hypernatremia, increased triglycerides, elevated plasma lactate and decreased plasma cholesterol were reported. Brain imaging may reveal simplified/delayed cortical gyration, dilated ventricles, and periventricular or diffuse white matter abnormalities. It is mostly caused by biallelic deletions in the ATAD3 gene cluster (ATAD3A, ATAD3B and ATAD3C) or by point mutations in the ATAD3A gene. Even though the syndrome is mostly neonatally lethal, some patients, regardless of the type of the mutation/deletion they harbor, may have a less severe condition and may survive. |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
| Cat eye syndrome (CES) is a rare chromosomal disorder with a highly variable clinical presentation. Most patients have multiple malformations affecting the eyes (iris coloboma), ears (preauricular pits and/or tags), anal region (anal atresia), heart and kidneys. Intellectual disability is usually mild or borderline normal |
Is a |
True |
Multiple system malformation syndrome |
Inferred relationship |
Some |
|
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